autonomy

The category of “learning paradigm”, approaches to the definition of this category, and the main modern paradigms of education (pedagogical, andragogical, acmeological and communicative) are considered in the article. The andragogical paradigm of guided learning and teaching, which is an important methodological basis of a person’s higher education (including technical one) at all the stages of their development is substantiated and its potential is characterized in comparison with other learning paradigms.

The article refers to the Welsh, one of nations inhabiting the area of the United Kingdom. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the specificity of Welsh nationalism, which despite strong English domination, allowed this nation to preserve its tradition, culture, language for centuries, and create a rational attempt to maintain their own identity on the British Isles. Analysis of British nationalism shows that the Welsh are most often treated as the “last in line” after Englishmen, Irishmen from North and Scots.