демократія

               The article analyzes the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on election processes and election results.

Problem statement. Zaporizhzhya Sich and the Hetmanate became an important link between the early feudal states of Kievan Rus and the Galicia-Volyn principality and modern state-building processes in Ukraine. Therefore, it is especially important to study the experience of Cossack self-government in the formation of Ukrainian statehood as a component of the state tradition of Ukraine.

The conceptual analysis of issues concerning the institutionalization of democracy and its influence on public administration is made. Accordingly, it is proved that inability of institutionalization of democracy to function effectively leads to destructive changes in all spheres of social life.

The theoretical and methodological analysis of contemporary problems of building an effective state in Ukraine is made. The basic conceptual approaches to understanding problematic aspects of functioning of the Ukrainian state are identified. The main priorities for upholding principles of building an effective state in the context of systemic reforms in Ukraine are identified.

The article examines problems of populism in the context of public administration in Belarus. It should be noted that populism remains a topical phenomenon of social and political life of many countries. It is also observed that while populism makes a significant impact on policies of the countries with relatively little experience in functioning of democratic institutions, it also manifests itself quite visibly in the modern political space of ‘old’ democracies.

Problem setting. In democracies, the inherent right of citizens is the right to be informed about the policy pursued by the state, including not only the publicity and openness of government, but also the right to communicate public opinion on socially important issues to the government.

Problem setting. The flourishing of populism in recent years is caused, in our opinion, by an important factor – the current political bankruptcy of the Ukrainian left forces related, some way or another, to the Soviet past. Under the conditions of the authority concentration in the hands of the centrists and right centrists, the public request for social justice and more equal access of the citizens to the basic social benefits has lost common in the previous decades mechanisms of political representation.

In general, democracy should be understood as a political form of government in the state, exercised by the people or directly (direct democracy), or indirectly through elected representatives (representative democracy). The analysis of foreign literature made it possible to generalize the signs of democracy. However, it is stated that they are purely formal. It is the quality of these institutions that reflects the reality of democracy. A separate analysis of the basic principle of democracy - the rule of law.

The article’s purpose is to assess the effectiveness of EU policies concerning strengthen the quality of democracy in the member states. The research methods are aimed at proving the hypothesis about a decrease in impact (initiatives, control, etc.) of EU institutions on deepening democratic modernization, as a result of a discrepancy on debatable issues between the “young” democracies of the EU (like the Baltic States) and the liberal democratic course of the EU. The research is based on the methodology of neo-institutionalism, value approach and political comparative studies.

The article, based on the theoretical concepts of A. Gramsci and T. Parsons, defines the philosophical and legal foundations of the civil society model. In the twentieth century. some attempts have been made to develop a theory of civil society on a foundation. First of all, it should be noted such well-known scientists as A. Gramsch and T. Parsons, who were influenced by the teachings of G. Hegel and at the same time made adjustments to his theory, comparing civil society and economy, civil society and the state.