гудрон

Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 9. Stone Mastic Asphalt Using Formaldehyde Modified Tars

The work is devoted to a completely new binder for asphalt-concrete mixtures, in particular, crushed stone-mastic mixtures. In the role of a binder, it is proposed to use raw materials for the production of bitumen − tars modified with a forming agent (catalyst and formalin). The paper proves the advantage of using tar modified with formalin, in comparison with standard oxidized bitumens, on the example of established physical and mechanical properties of bituminous binders and crushed-mastic asphalt concrete SMA-15.

Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 7. Study of the Structure of Formaldehyde Modified Tars

Three samples of bituminous material with different softening temperatures of 321, 332, and 356.4 K were obtained by the method of chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The determination of the group hydrocarbon composition was carried out for the raw materials of the modification process (tar) and the resulting bitumens. An FTIR study of the obtained groups of hydrocarbons (oil, resins, and asphaltenes) was also carried out.

Kovar Tube as a Potential Catalyst for Conversion of Tar Produced from Biomass Gasification

A pre-oxidized Kovar tube was employed as a reforming catalyst for the conversion of naphthalene. Under dry reforming condition, 24.7 % naphthalene conversion could be achieved, whereas 36.6 and 42.3 % naphthalene conversion could be achieved when steam was added to the producer gas at the volume ratio of 0.06 and 0.11, respectively. Increasing the reforming tempe- rature to 1173 K enhanced the catalytic removal of naphthalene to 91.5 %.

Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues.4. Determining the Optimal Conditions for Tar Modification with Formaldehyde and Properties of the Modified Products

The effect of factors on the process of chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde using a sulfuric acid as the catalyst has been studied. By using experimental results, the adequate statistical-mathematical (ESM) model has been developed. Based on this model, the optimal values on the process of chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde using a sulfuric acid as the catalyst have been identified, bringing about optimal penetration value and softening point of the modified tars.

Preparation of Briquettes on the Basis of Sub-Standard Coal of Kazakhstan Fields

A technology of briquetting of sub-standard coal of Kazakhstan fields to obtain high-quality briquetting fuel has been developed. A modifying additive in the form of oil residues has been selected, that make it possible to obtain a binder composition for brown coal briquetting. The material for the preparation of coal briquettes is coal fines from dry, poorly sintered coals, which cannot be used for direct combustion in the furnace. The optimal parameters for obtaining high-quality fuel briquettes have been determined.

Production of Bitumen Modified with Low-Molecular Organic Compounds from Petroleum Residues. 3. Tar Modified with Formaldehyde

The chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde as 37% aqueous solutionhas been studied in the presence of the catalysts. Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and acid tar were used as the catalysts. The effect of the catalyst nature and amount, as well as temperature, process time and initial components ratio on the softening point, penetration, brittle point and adhesion to crushed stone has been determined. The structure of the modified tars was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. The structural-group composition was determined.

Встановлення можливості одержання бітумів з нігерійських нафт

Вивчити властивості гудрону, одержаного з нігерійської нафти, та визначити методи одержання з нього дорожнього бітуму БНД 60/90. Якість бітуму повинна відповідати вимогам ДСТУ 4044-2001. Провести окиснення гудрону за температури 180 ºС за різної тривалості процесу. Результати показують, що за допомогою окиснення гудрону з нігерійських нафт за температури 180 °C, отриманий бітум не відповідав вимогам БНД 60/90 за показниками пластичності за 0º і крихкості.