похибка

Розглянутий багатоточковий метод реалізації температурної шкали. На основі комп’ютерного моделювання проведений порівняльний аналіз різних методик її побудови. Обґрунтовано переваги застосування комбінованого методу для реалізації температурної шкали.

In the article the method of multipoint temperature scale. Based on computer modeling of the comparative analysis of different methods conducted. The advantages of the use of the combined method for the realization of the temperature scale.

На основі комп’ютерного моделювання проаналізовано інструментальну та методичну складові похибки вимірювання температури методами багатоканальної термометрії випромінення. Визначено умови, за яких доцільне їх застосування, та загальні недоліки використання цих методів. Запропоновано методику багатооканального вимірювання температури.

The authors investigated the effect of changes in the acoustic signal propagation speed and the accuracy of sensor positioning on the accuracy of sound source localization. The mean absolute error grows with the displacement of the microphones relative to the nominal coordinates (X, Y). The same trend is observed with an increase in the actual acoustic signal velocity deviation from the velocity under normal environmental conditions.

In applied geodesy tasks, it may be necessary to determine spatial angles. When bringing a 3D design of buildings and structures to the field with the help of an electronic total station (ES), it is important to verify the spatial angles between different elements of building structures such as roof overlaps, inclined anchors, and more, using the characteristic points' spatial coordinates. Modern geodetic instruments provide sufficiently high measurement accuracy (up to 1" and 1 mm, respectively).

Sensors with a frequency output signal are marked as particularly high accuracy, it is easy to switch, and signals may be transmitted over long distances. The main element of such sensors is an electromechanical oscillator connected to the feedback of the autogenerator. String metal oscillators do not provide the required measurement accuracy due to unsatisfactory elasticity, hysteresis, relaxation, and drift of characterisrics. The creation of oscillators made of quartz and silicon due to the perfection of these materials, is difficult.

The current state of development of the metrological provision of measuring equipment for the competitiveness of  products,  safety  at  work  (radiation  safety),  obtaining  objective  diagnostic  information  in  medical  practice  is  analyzed. Metrological  support  is  one  of  the  main  steps  in  the  production  process  that  influences  the  measurement  results  and  their qualitative evaluation.

The article focuses on the main problems of metrological confirmation of measuring instruments in accordance with international requirements and considers possible directions of their solution. One of the main tasks of metrology is assurance of the uniformity of measurements, that is, the state of measurements, in which their results are expressed in the legal units, and the characteristics of errors or uncertainty of measurements are known with a certain probability and do not exceed  the established limits.

The analysis determining the angle error on the target system artillery sound intelligence. Studied computational complexity of the formula for determining the distance between the sound receivers. The basic source of error in determining the direction angle to the target. Showing error components depending determine the angle to the target. Sound is a type of artillery reconnaissance and combat support artillery units [1], which uses acoustic stereo to determine the direction to the target. Means sound intelligence forces Ukraine is sound-metric-type filling station AKZ-7.

The problems of transformation of coordinates in the state geodetic network in Ukraine
using common terrestrial coordinate reference systems and coordinate systems USK2000.