transition points

To improve the accuracy of precision leveling, it is necessary to improve the methods of observation, the development of devices and devices to minimize a particular source of systematic nature of the action, in particular, the leveling errors caused by the instability of the altitude of the transition points (crutches, shoes) during work.

Recently, much attention has been paid to the development and application of various types of crutches, in particular screw-type [1, 3], whose application is more expedient, since their vertical movements are much smaller than those of ordinary ones. There are only questions about their shape, thread sizes and ways of screwing into the ground.