Розглянуто проблему побутових відходів та засади національного регулювання поводження з відходами. Проаналізовано системи роздільного управління відходами.
The problem of waste and the principles of national regulation of radioactive waste.
Analyzed the system of separate waste management.
A low-temperature pyrolysis with pyrocondensate as a target product is one of the options for processing polyethylene waste. The fractional composition and properties of the pyrocondensate obtained at different temperatures and times were studied. Pyrocondensate was separated into gasoline, diesel fractions, and the residue. The composition and properties of mentioned fractions were established and related to the conditions of the pyrolysis process. X-ray fluorescence analysis of pyrocondensate and narrow fractions isolated from it was carried out.
Since slag and coal fly ash (CFA) are major global pollutants produced by thermal power plants (TPPs), special attention should be paid to their rational disposal. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the morphology of CFA and it was suggested that the use potential of CFA is high due to the presence of a large number of cenospheres (CSs), that can be recovered mostly by wet methods for the production of the wide range of products with improved properties.
A low-temperature pyrolysis, the target product of which is pyrocondensate, is one of the options for the recycling usedtires. The fractional composition and properties of pyrocondensate of rubber waste pyrolysis obtained at an industrial plant have been studied. The pyrocondensate was separated into gasoline, diesel fraction and residue. The composition and properties of obtained productswere determined using X-ray fluorescence analysis and IR spectroscopic studies.
A technology of briquetting of sub-standard coal of Kazakhstan fields to obtain high-quality briquetting fuel has been developed. A modifying additive in the form of oil residues has been selected, that make it possible to obtain a binder composition for brown coal briquetting. The material for the preparation of coal briquettes is coal fines from dry, poorly sintered coals, which cannot be used for direct combustion in the furnace. The optimal parameters for obtaining high-quality fuel briquettes have been determined.
One of the options for the disposal of worn car tires is low-temperature pyrolysis, the target product of which is pyrocondensate. The fractional composition and properties of pyrocondensate of pyrolysis of rubber waste obtained at an industrial plant are studied. The pyrocondensate was separated into gasoline and diesel fraction and residue. The composition and properties of these fractions have been studied in detail. X-ray fluorescence analysis and IR spectroscopic studies of pyrocondensate and narrow fractions isolated from it were performed.
Today, in Ukraine, there is a problem with solid waste disposal, especially in small towns. The lack of a developed system for the collection and disposal of solid waste, the presence of natural landfills instead of equipped landfills lead to the fact that small towns are abandoned. Therefore, the creation of a new solid waste management policy is an acute problem for these towns and villages.
The hydraulic properties of ash from incinerated wastepaper sludge were investigated. It is shown that the phase composition of wastepaper sludge after heat treatment is similar to the classical fired carbonate-clay mixes. The necessity of using the combination of retarding admixtures with different action mechanism is shown. The strength in the initial hardening period is ensured by the formation of AFm-phases and ettringite, and subsequently by increasing the role of CSH.
The paper discusses a problem of formation and search of efficient ways to recycle wastes generated by waste treatment plants, a proposed technology for their heat treatment and utilization of waste as a raw material component for the production of masonry units. High-density polyethylene is used as a binder.
The article is devoted to obtaining a porous filler from the slag of the Thermal Power Plant and investigation of the filtration method for the drying of slag and clay as main raw materials for preparing the charge for porous filler production.