вимірювання

A method for measuring wind speed by the trajectory of an acoustic package under the influence of air flows in the boundary atmospheric layer is developed. Model equations for measurement components of wind speed evaluation are ob- tained. For each of the components, an equation for the combined standard uncertainty is written, sensitivity coefficients are calcu- lated for input quantities, and uncertainty budgets are constructed. The last can serve as the basis for creating a software tool for measurement uncertainty evaluation.

Досліджено метрологічні характеристики чутливих елементів кристалооптичних термоперетворювачів (ЧЕ КОТП) із танталату літію. Для дослідження вибрано однорідні монокристали без внутрішніх дефектів і напружень. Основними вимогами до монокристалів є якісна обробка граней та правильна їх орієнтація.

Виконано дослідження методів та можливості підвищення точності вимірювання температури обертових об’єктів. Розроблено кристалооптичний метод, що дає змогу вимірювати температуру для випадків її швидкої і циклічної зміни та забезпечити дистанційні вимірювання з мінімальним тепловідведенням, а також за наявності електричного потенціалу на об’єктах з одним вікном

The article investigates and analyzes the validation and verification of measurement methods in the clinical diagnostic laboratory. The content and features of validation and verification are revealed. Measurement methods are considered in detail. Each direction of validation and verification of measurement methods is analyzed. The difference between validation and verification is substantiated. Measuring systems are increasingly used in the laboratories of the clinical sector. This means that the responsibility for validation lies mainly with the manufacturer.

The article shows that the commonly used method of estimating the Type A uncertainty of measurements based on the standard deviation of estimators of population parameters does not meet the definition of uncertainty. For correct determination of the standard uncertainty, it is necessary to use the distribution of the corresponding population parameter at the values of population estimators determined from the experiment but not the probability distribution of the estimator.

Gas flow temperature is an important parameter of the process, determines the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the original product, the presence of defects, the state of technological equipment, as well as the safety of the process. Therefore, its measurement must be carried out continuously, with high accuracy, low inertia and high reliability, since the information signal about the value of temperature is used in information-measuring systems and automatic control and regulation systems.

In order to improve the accuracy of gas flowrate measurement by means of the differential pressure flowmeters, it is necessary to apply equations for determination of coefficients of gas flow equation, which would provide the lowest total relative expanded uncertainty of calculation, and to increase the accuracy of input values measurement in real time. One of these values is the arithmetic mean deviation of roughness profile of pipe internal surface. The equation for calculating the arithmetic mean deviation of roughness profile of pipe internal surface in real time was obtained.

The  article proposes  an  approach  to  the  research of  the metrological  reliability  of measurements  taking  into account the conditions and operating modes of measuring equipment, based on the intermediate control of the standard deviation of  the measurement  results.  The  above  approach  is  relevant  because  it  allows  laboratories  to  reasonably  set  the  recalibration intervals  of  measuring  equipment  based  on  the  control  of  standard  deviations.  The  requirement  for  reasonable  setting  of recalibration intervals for measuring instruments is a common worldwide

The results of statistical measurements of the resistance of the metal film resistor are given below. The analysis of the dependencies of the standard deviation on the number of measurements σR(N)envisages a tendency of  raising σR with the number of measurements. It indicates that the obtained results are not independent since fluctuations of them are not of “white” noise type. The dependence of the standard deviation of measurement results onN confirms the results of other studies.

It is important to carry out metrological confirmation of the used measuring equipment in order to obtain reliable measurement results during the conformity assessment of products. Assessment of the metrological confirmation of the measuring equipment confirms its conformity with the given measuring task. For proper performance of this task it is necessary to have an appropriate measurement  technique.