Special economic zones: foreign experience and perspectives for Ukraine

The actual problem of creation and functioning of special economic zones (SEZ ). We study the experience of Poland, where currently there are 14 SEZs, the invested 100 billion zlotys of foreign investments created several hundred thousand jobs. We develop the statistics on the dynamics of SEZ in Poland and the investors. The discussion questions are marked on the appropriateness and effectiveness of the SEZ. In Ukraine, currently there are 10 SEZs , involving about 600 million dollars of foreign investment. The attention is payed on the fact that the shortage of internal and external investment resources opportunities for SEZ is used.

It is proposed to create a new concept of SEZ , which would have relied on the following principles : a) to attract investments of innovation focus in priority sectors in industrialized underdeveloped regions in research and development in the sphere of modern services with the creation of new jobs; b) to change the regional policy of the state and ensure the transfer of authority on FEZ management at the level of individual territories and local authorities; c) to amend the law on flexible differentiated system of benefits for foreign investors taking into account the characteristics of the resource potential of a region; d) to provide state guarantees the sustainability of foreign capital in the long term.

The conclusion is made to expand economic research at a new stage of market reforms - decentralization and to establish the community budgets , which could become the basis for options justification to stimulate the economy and attract foreign investors.