bitumen

The work presents a new approach to the copolymerization and co-processing of industrial organochlorine waste (OCW) resulted in the production of vinyl chloride at Karpatnaftochim LLC, Kalush, Ukraine, and liquid wood pyrolysis products (LWPP) generated by the activated charcoal production at Perechyn Forestry and Chemical Plant, LLC. Kalush, Ukraine. This article highlights studies of the composition of the raw materials and the properties of the resulting products.

The study results of the process obtaining of petroleum bitumen with improved quality indicators are described. The method of mixing the tar of paraffinic oils with the residue and the distillation of Orkhiv oil with subsequent oxidation of this mixture was used. To conduct the research, tar extracted from Western Ukrainian paraffinic oils was used. The influence of temperature, oxidation duration and air consumption on the operational properties of oxidized petroleum bitumens were determined.

The possibility of using potassium humate as an inhibitor of the technological aging of oxidized petro-leum bitumen has been investigated. Samples of potas-sium humate obtained from various raw materials, in particular peat and leonardite, were selected and compared. Aging coefficients have been calculated and operational properties of modified bitumen as a binding material for hot mix asphalt have been investigated. It was established that 3.0 wt.

The process of modifying road bitumen obtained from the residues of Ukrainian oils processing with rubber crumb has been studied. The dependence of the softening temperature, ductility, penetration, and elasticity of the three-component bituminous composition “bitumen : linseed oil : rubber crumb” on its formulation has been examined. Based on the mentioned composition a new type of cold-applied bitumen roofing has been developed. A process flow diagram for the production of modified bitumen and special-purpose bituminous composition has been developed.

Three samples of bituminous material with different softening temperatures of 321, 332, and 356.4 K were obtained by the method of chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The determination of the group hydrocarbon composition was carried out for the raw materials of the modification process (tar) and the resulting bitumens. An FTIR study of the obtained groups of hydrocarbons (oil, resins, and asphaltenes) was also carried out.

The oxidized bitumen produced at the Ukrainian refinery was modified with maleic anhydride. The process temperature was proved to have the most significant effect on modification. The chemical interaction of maleic anhydride with the components of oxidized bitumen was confirmed. At low temperatures (up to 403 K) the chemistry of the modification process is another than chemistry of the process carried out at high temperatures. The structures of the modified bitumen were established at different process temperatures (403, 423 and 443 K) using FTIR spectroscopy.

The possibility of effectively using carbazole as an improver of coumarone-indene resin for use as a modifier of petroleum bitumens is studied. All starting materials for the production of coumarone-indene-carbazole resin (CICR) were obtained from various products of the coal coking process. The influence of raw material composition (amount of carbazole added to an industrial indene-coumarone fraction) on resin yield and its modifying properties was studied.

The possibility of modification of BND 60/90 bitumen produced at JSC Ukrtatnafta (Kremenchuk, Ukraine) with maleic anhydride has been considered. The effect of maleic anhydride amount, process time and temperature on the operating characteristics of modified bitumen has been studied.