average exceedance value

Experimental investigation of geometrical leveling accuracy using “back and forth” method

The results of the comparing experimental research of the geometrical leveling from “inside” and “forward-back” leveling methods show that these methods give the possibility to control the position of sighting line during the process of leveling and simplify the choice of leveling shoulder. The experiment shows that the results of “forward-back” leveling method are as accurate as the results of leveling from “inside”.