This article deals with the Ukrainian medical terminology, as it appears to be one of the biggest systems of terminoelements. Its development has been caused by granting the Ukrainian language official status. The question of the medical terminology as a component of the Ukrainian lexicology is rather wide. Formation and usage of medical terms were and are important because most of them are loan words, which usually come from the Latin and Greek languages.
At the end of the XXth – the early XXIst century foreign language components in Ukrainian linguistics were considered by V.V. Akulenko, E.A. Karpilovskaya, N.F. Klimenko, N.S. Kobzar, I.M. Kochan, A.A. Moskalenko, G.P. Povtorak, O.D. Ponomariov, O.A. Serbenska, M.V. Stashko, О.А. Styshov, G.V. Chernetska and others.
The basis for professional language of a medical worker is a use of professional terms of a high level of standardization. Analyzing vocabulary of professional language of a medical worker it was found out that the vast majority of components were not studied, and Ukrainian medical terms were not in the sight of scientists. Medical lexis is one of the oldest term systems. It was formed both on the world and its own language basis. Development and improvement of medical terminology can be observed through scientific papers, professional textbooks, and medical dictionaries.
The aim of the article is to characterize Ukrainian medical terms-composites with international components derm-, derma-, derm(o)-, dermat(o)- and the Ukrainian equivalents on the somatic notions shkira (skin) according to semantic groups and paradigmatic relations; to identify their word formation mobility in the modern Ukrainian literary language.
The object of research – medical terms with somatic components.
Terms with somatic components derm-, derma-, derm(o)-, dermat(o)- and the Ukrainian equivalents on the somatic notions shkira (skin) indicate: processes; names of diseases; belonging to the organ or action on it; people by profession, people; names of science; cell, classes.
The studied terms mainly correspond to these features of the terminological norm as they are relevant to the concepts they indicate; also, they are included into medical terminology, have clear definitions in the dictionary, they are stylistically neutral, but some of them do not meet monosemy (polysemy of such lexical terms is given) and synonymy (synonyms are given both for words of foreign origin and their Ukrainian equivalents). This can be explained by the fact that these requirements are desirable rather than real ones. Polysemy shows the development of speech-term, but over time one of the definitions can get a new nomination.
Components derm-, derma-, derm(o)-, dermat(o)- can not be combined directly with Ukrainian word stems and roots, but are combined with components of foreign origin (mostly of Greek origin) with particular lexical meaning which is preserved wholly or partly in the derivative words.
From the end of the XXth century till now intensive research study of medical terminology has been conducted because it is one of the biggest systems of terms. Medicine does not stay still, new methods of diagnosing diseases, alternative methods of treatment appear, so, a need arises in formation of new terms, as well as in unification of their grammatical structure. Medical terminology is a common goal for both medical workers and linguists. Let’s work on creating a generalized medical nomenclature.