Modeling of the energy-loss piezoceramic resonators by electric equivalent networks with passive elements

This paper is devoted to analysis of the modern achievements in energy loss problem for piezoceramic resonators. New experimental technique together with computing permits us to plot many resonators' parameters: admittance, impedance, phase angles, and power components etc. The author's opinion why mechanical quality under resonance is different from that under anti-resonance is given. The reason lies in clamped capacity and electromechanical coupling factor's value. The better electromechanical coupling, the stronger capacity clamping, and the higher its influence on anti-resonant frequency and quality. It is also established that considerable nonlinearity of admittance in constant voltage regime is caused by instantaneous power level.

  1. Cady W. G. Theory of longitudinal vibrations of viscous rods. Phys. Rev. 19, n.1, 1–6 (1922).
  2. Van Dyke S. The electric network equivalent of piezoelectric resonators. Phys. Rev. 25, 895(A) (1925).
  3. Quimby S. L. On the experimental determination of the viscosity of vibrating solids. Phys. Rev. 38, 568–582 (1925).
  4. Dye D. E. The piezoelectric quartz resonator and its equivalent circuit. Proc. Phys. Soc. (London). 38, 399–453 (1926).
  5. Mason W. P. Location of hysteresis phenomena in Rochelle salt. Phys. Rev. 58, 744–756 (1940).
  6. Land C. E., Smith G. W., Westgate C. R. The dependence of small-signal parameters of the ferroelectric ceramic resonators upon state of polarization. IEEE Trans. Sonics and Ultrasonics. SU-11, 8–19 (1964).
  7. Martin G. E. Dielectric, elastic and piezoelectric losses in piezoelectric materials. Ultrasonic Symp. Proc. Milwaukee. 613–617 (1974).
  8. Holland R. Representation of dielectric, elastic and piezoelectric losses by complex coefficients. IEEE Trans. SU. SU-14, 18–20 (1967).
  9. Uchino K., Hirose S. Loss mechanisms in piezoelectrics: how to measure different losses separately. IEEE Trans UFFC. 48, n.1, 307–321 (2001).
  10. Ural O., Tunodemir S., Zhuang Yu., Uchino K. Development of a high power piezoelectric Characterization system and its application for resonance/antiresonance mode characterization. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 056509 (2009).
  11. Uchino K., Zheng J. H., Chen Y. H. et al. Loss mechanisms and high power piezoelectric. J. Mat. Sci. 41, 217–228 (2006).
  12. Jaffe B., Cook W. R., Jaffe H. Piezoelectric ceramics. Academic Press: London, 1971.
  13. Shul’ga N. A., Bolkisev A. M. The Vibrations of Piezoelectric Bodie, Nauk. Dumka, Kiev. 1990 (in Russian).
  14. Shul’ga M. О., Karlash V. L. Resonant electromechanic vibrations of piezoelectric plates. Nauk. Dumka, Kiev. 2008 (in Ukrainian).
  15. Karlash V. L. Resonant electromechanical vibrations of piezoelectric plates. Int. Appl. Mech. 41, n.7, 709–747 (2005).
  16. Karlash V. L. Energy losses in piezoceramic resonators and its influence on vibrations’ characteristics. Electronics and communication. 19, n.2(а), 82–94 (2013).
  17. Karlash V. L. Methods of determine coupling factors and energy losses at piezoceramics resonator’s vibrations. Acoustic bulletin. 15, n.4, 24–38 (2012).
  18. Mezheritsky A. V. Electrical measurements of a high-frequency, high-capacitance piezoceramic resonator with resistive electrodes. IEEE Trans UFFC. 52, n.8, 1229–1238 (2005).
  19. Karlash V. L. Influence of energy dissipation on amplitude-frequency characteristics of thin piezoceramic disk full conductivity. Eelectricity. N.4, 59–61 (1984) (in Russian).
  20. Karlash V. L. Energy dissipation at vibrations of thin piezoceramic circular plates. Prikl. mechanika. 20, n.5, 77–82 (1984) (in Russian).
  21. Mezheritsky A. V. Quality factor of piezoceramics. Ferroelectrics. 266, 277–304 (2002).
  22. Mezheritsky A. V. Efficiency of excitation of piezoceramic transducer at antiresonance frequency. IEEE Trans UFFC. 49, n.4, 484–494 (2002).
  23. Mezheritsky A. V. Elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric losses in piezoceramics; how it works all together. IEEE Trans UFFC. 51, n.6, 695–797 (2004).
  24. Shul’ga M. О., Karlash V. L. Measurement of piezoceramic elements admittance in Meson’s four-pole and its variants. Proc. IV Int. Sci,-Tech. Conf. “Sensors, devices and systems – 2008”. Cherkasy–Gurzuf. 54–56 (2008) (in Ukrainian).
  25. Karlash V. L. Planar electroelastic vibrations of piezoceramic rectangular plate and half-disk. Int. Appl. Mech. 43, n.5, 547–553 (2007).
  26. Glozman I. A. Piezoceramics. Energhiya, Moscow, 1072. 288 p. (in Russian).
  27. Katz H. W. (ed) Solid State Magnetic and Piezoelectric Devices. Willey, New York. 1959.
  28. US Patent 439 992 1954 / Rosen C. A. 29.06.1954.
  29. Karlash V. L. Electroelastic vibrations and transformation ratio of a planar piezoceramic transformer. J. Sound Vib. 277, 353–367 (2004).
  30. Karlash V. Longitudinal and lateral vibrations of a planar piezoceramic transformer. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 44, n.4A, 1852–1856 (2005).
  31. Van der Veen B. The equivalent network of a piezoelectric crystal with divided electrodes. Phillips. Res. Rep. 11, 66–79 (1956).
  32. Munk E. C. The equivalent electrical circuit for radial modes of a piezoelectric ceramic disk with concentric electrodes. Phillips Res. Rep. 20, 170–189 (1965).
  33. Kalashnikov A. M., Stepuk Ya. V. Bases of radio-engineering and radiolocation, vibrating systems. Voyeniz, Moscow. 1962. 368 p. (in Russian).
  34. Zherebtsov I. P. Radio-engineering. Svyaz’, Sov. Radio, Moscow. 1965. 656 p. (in Russian).