personal data

This article explores the interaction between emerging digital technologies − particularly blockchain and artificial intelligence − and European Union law in the field of personal data protection. The research applies methods of legal analysis of EU legal norms and comparative law (notably in the context of Council of Europe practices and other jurisdictions). Particular attention is paid to the legal and ethical challenges posed by the immutability of blockchain records, the absence of a centralized data controller, and the use of automated decision-making without human involvement.

The latest technologies, especially digital ones, raise many new questions and create new problems for humans. Our safe future depends on our ability to anticipate them. Concepts such as ‘artificial intelligence,’ ‘artificial consciousness,’ and ‘cognitive robotics’ have already penetrated deeply into all spheres of public life. In some people, they evoke admiration and hopes for extraordinary results from the intensive acceleration of certain technical processes that traditionally require meticulous routine ‘manual’ work and a lot of time.

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the manifestation of electoral rights and their modification through digital transformation processes through the analysis of the problems of legal regulation of such aspects as disinformation, manipulation, personal information about the voter. Considerable attention is paid to the role of artificial intelligence in the electoral process, its positive and destructive capabilities are identified.

The author examines contemporary principles of legal regulation regarding the protection of personal data, driven by the relevance of issues directly related to personal data protection, including the proliferation of digitalization in society and daily internet usage. This will make it possible to address the challenges and threats arising within the framework of modern development of civil society and the democratic and legal state in Ukraine, including unauthorized dissemination of personal data on social media, primarily containing negative legal characteristics.

The problem of modern technologies rapid development is shown and characterized, which makes the issues of Internet users personal data protection very urgent. The current state of personal data protection in accordance with the requirements of Ukrainian legislation and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is analyzed. It is also determined which data belong to personal data and why they are subject to protection.

The article analyzes and compares the legal regulation of personal data protection in the form of European and American acts - General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) (GDPR) and California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Сollection, processing, and sale of personal data in accordance with relevant legal acts; the scope of legal acts differs according to 3 traditional criteria: the number of persons, the subject of regulation and the territory of application are analyzed in the article.