decentralized technologies

This article explores the interaction between emerging digital technologies − particularly blockchain and artificial intelligence − and European Union law in the field of personal data protection. The research applies methods of legal analysis of EU legal norms and comparative law (notably in the context of Council of Europe practices and other jurisdictions). Particular attention is paid to the legal and ethical challenges posed by the immutability of blockchain records, the absence of a centralized data controller, and the use of automated decision-making without human involvement.

The article investigates the process of block formation in blockchain networks and the impact of node network architecture and consensus algorithms on their scalability and performance. Analysis of blockchain system scalability is important due to problems that arise when network load increases, particularly the increase in the number of block forks and transaction confirmation times. The research focuses on studying the impact of network delays and the choice of consensus algorithm on the performance and scalability of blockchain networks.