фізичні особи

The article examinesthe issue of administrative liability of legal entities, since bringing legal entities to administrative liability remains one of the least regulated in national legislation. For quite a long time, the dominant view remained that subjects of administrative liability could only be individuals.

The European Charter on the Statute for Judges establishes the “right to appeal” for every judge if he/she believes that there is a threat to his/her independence or the independence of the legal process, or if this independence is somehow violated, and in such a case, he/she can refer the matter to an independent body. This means that judges are not left defenseless in cases of encroachments on their independence.