Three-Phase Distillation of Ethyl Acetate/Water/Ethanol: Separation Feasibility and Conceptual Design

2022;
: pp. 237 – 254
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University

Continuous production of ethyl acetate involves various separation challenges due to multiple azeotropes. In this study, three-phase advanced distillation method is applied through diverse purification scenarios for ternary separation of ethyl acetate system (ethyl acetate/water/ethanol). This highly non-ideal mixture contains four azeotropes and three distillation regions. To select the best distillation region, the separation feasibility and conceptual design of ethyl acetate three-phase distillation unit are comprehensively investigated by the extended boundary value method for various feed locations and numerous product recoveries. It was found that the region in which ethanol is a stable component was the most suitable region for the distillation process. Further, the conceptual design of the three-phase column is optimized by variation of reflux ratio and operating pressure. Ultimately, based on the conceptual design results, rigorous simulation of the process is accomplished and ethanol is separated with 99.25 mol % purity.

[1] Ottenbacher, M.; Hasse, H. Continuous Three-Phase Distillation: A Process for Separating Thermally Unstable Substances. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2007, 85, 144-148. https://doi.org/10.1205/cherd06084
[2] Eckert, E.; Vanek, T. Some Aspects of Rate-Based Modelling and Simulation of Three-Phase Distillation Columns. Comput. Chem. Eng. 2001, 25, 603-612 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-1354(01)00640-8
[3] Gutierrez-Oppe, E.E.; Salvagnini, W.M.; Santos Taqueda, M.E. Comparison Between the Design of Experiments and Simulation in the Three-Phase Distillation in a Sieve Tray Column for Glycerine Dehydration. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2013, 91, 1186-1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2013.01.011
[4] Lashkari, S.; Moshfegian, M. Simulation of Three-Phase Distillation Column Using Bubble Point. Eng. J. Univ. Qatar 1995, 8, 43-64. 
[5] Higler, A.; Chande, R.; Taylor, R.; Baur, R.; Krishna, R. Nonequilibrium Modeling of Three-Phase Distillation. Comput. Chem. Eng. 2004, 28, 2021-2036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2004.04.008
[6] Alamaria, A.; Nawawi, Gh. Dehydration Pervaporation of Ethyl Acetate-Water Mixture via Sago/PVA Composite Membranes Using Surface Methodology. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2015, 9, 479-484. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht09.04.479
[7] Hu, S.; Zhang, B.-J.; Hou, X.-Q.; Li, D.-L.; Chen, Q.-L. Design and Simulation of an Entrainer-Enhanced Ethyl Acetate Reactive Distillation Process. Chem. Eng. Proc. 2011, 50, 1252-1265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2011.07.012
[8] Tavan, Y.; Behbahani, R.M.; Hosseini, S.H. A Novel Intensified Reactive Distillation Process to Produce Pure Ethyl Acetate in One Column—Part I: Parametric Study. Chem. Eng. Proc. 2013, 73, 81-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2013.05.015
[9] Santaella, M.A.; Orjuela, A.; Narváez, P.C. Comparison of Different Reactive Distillation Schemes for Ethyl Acetate Production Using Sustainability Indicators. Chem. Eng. Proc. 2015, 96, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2015.07.027
[10] Smejkal, Q.; Kolena, J.; Hanika, J. Ethyl Acetate Synthesis by Coupling of Fixed-Bed Reactor and Reactive Distillation Column—Process Integration Aspects. Chem. Eng. J. 2009, 154, 236-240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.04.022
[11] Ong, Y.T.; Tan, S.H. Pervaporation Separation of a Ternary Azeotrope Containing Ethyl Acetate, Ethanol and Water Using a Buckypaper Supported Ionic Liquid Membrane. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2016, 109, 116-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2015.10.051
[12] Zhang, X.H.; Liu, Q.L.; Xiong, Y.; Zhu, A.M.; Chen, Y.; Zhang, Q.G. Pervaporation Dehydration of Ethyl Acetate/Ethanol/Water Azeotrope Using Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Pyrrolidone) Blend Membranes. J. Memb. Sci. 2009, 327, 274-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2008.11.034
[13] Starchevskyy, V.; Ribun, V.; Kurta, S.; Khatsevich, O. Properties and Composition of Absolutized Ethanol and its Effect on the Gasoline Octane Number. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2018, 12, 346-354. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht12.03.346
[14] Lai, I.-K.; Liu, Y.-C.; Yu, C.-C.; Lee, M.-J.; Huang, H.-P. Production of High-Purity Ethyl Acetate Using Reactive Distillation: Experimental and Start-Up Procedure. Chem. Eng. Proc. 2008, 47, 1831-1843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2007.10.008
[15] Tian, H.; Zhao, S.; Zheng, H.; Huang, Zh. Optimization of Coproduction of Ethyl Acetate and n-Butyl Acetate by Reactive Distillation. Chinese J. Chem. Eng. 2015, 23, 667-674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjche.2014.12.007
[16] Bausa, J.; von Watzdorf, R.; Marquardt, W. Shortcut Methods for Nonideal Multicomponent Distillation: I. Simple Columns. AIChE J. 1998, 44, 2181-2198. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690441008
[17] Lucia, A.; Amale, A.; Taylor, R. Energy Efficient Hybrid Separation Processes. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2006, 45, 8319-8328. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie060035t
[18] Beebe Jr., A.H.; Coulter, K.E.; Lindsay, R.A.; Baker, E.M. Equilibria in Ethanol-Water System at Pressures Less Than Atmospheric. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1942, 34, 1501-1504. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50396a019
[19] Kgima, K.; Tochigi, K.; Seki, H.; Watase, K. Determination of Vapor-Liquid Equilibriums from Boiling Point Curves. Kagaku Kogaku 1968, 32, 149-153. https://doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu1953.32.149
[20] Ellis, S.R.M.; Garbett, R.D. A New Equilibrium Still for the Study of Partially Miscible Systems. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1960, 52, 385-388. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50605a023
[21] Griswold, J. Chu, P.L.; Winsauer, W.O. Phase Equilibria in Ethyl Alcohol–Ethyl Acetate–Water System. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1949, 41, 2352-2358. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50478a063
[22] Kiss, A.A.; Suszwalak, D.J.-P.C. Enhanced Bioethanol Dehydration by Extractive and Azeotropic Distillation in Dividing-Wall Columns. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2012, 86, 70-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2011.10.022
[23] Dutchak, V.; Astakhova, O.; Kvitkovsky, L. Reciprocal Solubility of Gasoline Fractions and Ethanol. Chem. Chem. Technol. 2011, 5, 215-220. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht05.02.215