CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A FISH FEEDING UNIT

This paper presents the conceptualization and design process of an innovative, smart IoT-enabled (Internet of Things) fish-feeding unit, specifically developed to address common challenges encountered by aquarium hobbyists. The initial concept for this device was inspired by personal experiences related to the difficulties of ensuring proper fish care during prolonged absences. As a student residing in a different city, the recurring issue of providing adequate care for pet fish during weekends or holidays was particularly challenging. This challenge persisted even as the designer transitioned into professional life, where work-related commitments further limited the opportunity to consistently care for the fish. The design and development process for the device involved defining specific functional requirements, evaluating existing off-the-shelf components, and constructing a detailed 3D model using SolidWorks software. Preliminary hand drawings were first created to explore potential designs, followed by rigorous design evaluation. Throughout the design process, careful attention was paid to manufacturing constraints, including maintaining consistent wall thickness, the integration of mounting bosses, and ensuring the moldability of the housing components. The device was designed with user-friendliness in mind, offering both manual and Bluetooth-enabled controls to accommodate a broad demographic. Older users, who may require simplicity, benefit from straightforward manual operation, while younger, more tech-savvy users can engage with the device via Bluetooth and Wi-Fi functionality. Key technical features include the use of an ESP-32 microcontroller for processing and Bluetooth communication, a rack-and-pinion feeding mechanism driven by a stepper motor, and a lightweight, injection-molded housing. The human-machine interface (HMI) includes a five-position slide switch, a safety button, and LED feedback, ensuring that user commands are clearly confirmed. Prototypes of the design were fabricated using 3D printing to validate both the functionality and aesthetic aspects of the device. Ultimately, the design aims to produce a market-ready electronic device that will serve as an aquarium assistant, supporting users in managing feeding schedules while incorporating contemporary design principles. Market research indicates that, while several devices are available that perform the basic fish-feeding function, none fully embrace modern design aesthetics or integrate advanced technologies like IoT. This design methodology offers potential for further development of similar products within the pet industry