This article presents the main findings from an in-depth study of MLFlow design concepts in containerized and cloud-native systems. The research focuses on how MLFlow, as a core MLOps framework, can be efficiently deployed and managed in cloud- native environments to ensure scalable, reproducible, and secure machine learning workflows. The study analyzes the architectural principles and integration patterns of MLFlow components: Tracking Server, Projects, Models, and Registry within distributed containerized infrastructures. The results demonstrate that leveraging cloud-native tools and services enables dynamic orchestration, improved resource utilization, and enhanced model lifecycle automation. A case study confirms that the proposed design improved experiment tracking scalability and reduced deployment complexity, achieving higher system resilience and maintainability. These outcomes highlight the effectiveness of applying cloud-native design principles to MLFlow.
- Naayini, P., 2025. Building ai-driven cloud-native applications with kubernetes and containerization. International Journal of Scientific Advances (IJSCIA), 6(2), pp.328-340. https://doi.org/10.51542/ijscia.v6i2.15
- Chen, A., Chow, A., Davidson, A., DCunha, A., Ghodsi, A., Hong, S.A., Konwinski, A., Mewald, C., Murching, S., Nykodym, T. and Ogilvie, P., 2020, June. Developments in mlflow: A system to accelerate the machine learning lifecycle. In Proceedings of the fourth international workshop on data management for end-to-end machine learning, pp. 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1145/3399579.3399867
- Bershchanskyi, Y., Klym, H. and Shevchuk, Y., 2024. Containerized artificial intelligent system design in cloud and cyber-physical systems., Advances in Cyber-Physical Systems (ACPS) 2024; Volume 9, Number 2 pp. 151-157. https://doi.org/10.23939/acps2024.02.151
- Kreuzberger, D., Kühl, N. and Hirschl, S., 2023. Machine learning operations (mlops): Overview, definition, and architecture. IEEE access, 11, pp.31866-31879. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3262138
- Jena, B., Mishra, D. and Mishra, S., 2025, July. MLOps for Improved Inferencing, Deployability and Observability of Recommendation Engine. In 2025 International Conference on Innovations in Intelligent Systems: Advancements in Computing, Communication, and Cybersecurity (ISAC3) , pp. 1-5. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAC364032.2025.11156530
- Ramesh, G., Pai, T.V., Birau, R., Poojary, K.K., Shingad, A.R., Sowjanya, N., Popescu, V., Mitroi, A.T., Nioata, R.M. and Raj, K.K., 2025. A comprehensive review on scaling Machine Learning workflows using Cloud Technologies and DevOps. IEEE Access. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3599281
- Steidl, M., Felderer, M. and Ramler, R., 2023. The pipeline for the continuous development of artificial intelligence models Current state of research and practice. Journal of Systems and Software, 199, p.111615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2023.111615
- Bodor, A., Hnida, M. and Najima, D., 2023, November. From development to deployment: An approach to MLOps monitoring for machine learning model operationalization. In 2023 14th International Conference on Intelligent Systems: Theories and Applications, pp. 1-7. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/SITA60746.2023.10373733
- Rajenthiram, K., Abdullah, M., Gerostathopoulos, I., Hnětynka, P., Bureš, T., Pons, G., Bilalli, B. and Queralt, A., 2025, April. Towards Continuous Experiment-Driven MLOps. In 2025 IEEE/ACM 4th International Conference on AI Engineering– Software Engineering for AI, pp. 89-94. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CAIN66642.2025.00018
- Kayhan, V.O., Smith, T.C., Berndt, D.J., del Cuadro, J., Vinnakota, S. and Yenikapalli, G.C., 2025. Machine Learning Model Deployment and Management: A Hands-on Tutorial. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 56(1), p.40. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.05639
- Bershchanskyi Y., Stepanov O. 2025. Machine learning model development in Kubeflow cloud-native systems. Advances in Cyber-Physical Systems, Volume 10, Number 1, pp. 83-88. https://doi.org/10.23939/acps2025.01.083
- Schlegel, M. and Sattler, K.U., 2023. Management of machine learning lifecycle artifacts: A survey. ACM SIGMOD Record, 51(4), pp.18-35. https://doi.org/10.1145/3582302.3582306
- Bershchanskyi, Y. and Klym, H., 2025, June. Azure Kubernetes Service Design Principles in Machine Learning Systems. In 2025 32nd International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and System, pp. 179-183. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.23919/MIXDES66264.2025.11092030xa
- Lukić, M.D., Ivković, D.S. and Poledica, A.M., 2025, February. MLOps Tools for Deployment: A Case Study on Text Classification. In 2025 29th International Conference on Information Technology, pp.1-4. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IT64745.2025.10929797