Античність

Anti-Corruption Mechanisms in the Antiquity Era and Their Effectiveness

Corruption, as one of the most persistent social pathologies, has accompanied humanity since the emergence of the first civilizations. It arose alongside the development of social hierarchies, administrative governance, and resource distribution, becoming an integral part of the relationship between authority and society. In ancient states, corrupt practices were so prevalent that many scholars consider them a systemic factor influencing the evolution of political and legal institutions.

THE MANUALS «MUSEALITY» IN THE HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE: FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE XIX th CENTURY

The concept of «museality» is one of the main theoretical constructs in the modern museology. Museality means that a person considers selected subjects as such important testimonies of a certain state of things that wants to keep them as long as possible and to disseminate knowledge about them in the society. This particular relation of a person to his world is connected with the material objects, which are called «musealias». «Museal need» to take from everyday use some monuments of antiquity had various motives in different historical periods.