A fuzzy numerical solution of a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction problem with a constant gradient
Fuzzy differential equations have been gaining popularity in recent years. Traditional heat transfer models often rely on precise input parameters; however, real-world scenarios frequently involve uncertainty and imprecision. With advancements in mathematical modeling, the heat transfer increasingly used to address real-world problems. This paper presents a one-dimensional steady-state fuzzy heat transfer problem. To solve this problem, the fuzzy Runge–Kutta Cash–Karp of the fourth–order method is employed, demonstrating its effectiveness. The results are then comp