pressure regulation

Pressure regulation by known means is carried out only in the direction of its reduction. This paper examines local flow control devices in fluid systems, namely local hydraulic resistances. Under turbulent flow conditions, pressure losses in a sudden pipe contraction primarily occur during flow expansion downstream of the vena contracta, in the vortex region that forms behind the diameter transition plane.

Pressure distributive pipelines with path distribution of fluid are part of various technical systems. Pressure losses at abrupt and smooth pipe reductions are components of total pressure losses in these pipelines. After all, the equalization of fluid distribution along the length of distributive pipelines is achieved, in particular, by reducing their diameter in the direction of flow. Depending on the configuration of the pipe reductions, pressure losses at this pipeline element can vary.