restoration

For the architecture of Lviv II half 19 - the beginning of the 20th century characteristic use of roman cement as a decorative material. Thanks to this, a significant amount of sculptural decor in Lviv during this period was made using roman cement. According to various classifications, architectural decor is architectural, monumental or decorative- monumental sculpture, which in turn is divided into relief and three-dimensional sculpture. Depending on the type of sculpture, the methods of its manufacture, mounting and placement on the facade differ.

The design and construction of the Citadel fortification complex in Lviv took place after the revolutionary events of 1848. The creation of the citadel was one of the tasks of the order of the Austrian authorities to build fortifications for garrisons and barracks in large cities. The need to build new defense complexes was also associated with a change in the strategy and tactics of warfare. The plan of the Austrian General Staff under the letter "R" was caused by the threats looming from the neighbor from the north - Rossia.

The article delves into the complexities of evaluating the economic aspects of maintaining and re- storing aviation equipment, highlighting the challenges associated with assessing the quality of these pro- cesses. It critically examines the use of both singular and multiple performance metrics, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive evaluation system that considers various industry-specific factors.

After the explosion of the Kakhovka hydroelectric power station, the problem of restoring damaged areas of reclamation systems and rational use of water resources in the de-occupied territories of southern Ukraine is extremely relevant today. An integral part of solving this problem is the theoretical justification and assessment of filtration losses in damaged areas of open drainage channels with interception of this flow by drainage structures.

The restoration of the load-bearing capacity of RC beams through crack injection is one of the most efficient and practical methods for executing repairs in the field of civil engineering. In the article, following an analysis of crack injection methods in RC structures, an economically viable method for injecting RC beams is proposed. The core approach of the proposed crack injection method involves the process of introducing epoxy resin into the crack, which occurs by gravity flow (without specialized equipment and pressure).

Cemeteries are an integral part of the cultural landscape of every city or town, evidence of the ideology and spiritual life of their time. Military cemeteries may not be in every settlement, but they very clearly record their time, history, ideology. Today we have just such an important and historical moment and we have a war again in our country. Which means dead heroes. And this in turn means new military cemeteries.

The study reveals the historical and cultural significance, preservation and revaluation of the complex of fortifications of the Upper Polish Gate in Kamianets-Podilskyi. The history of the complex, which was formed during the XVI-XVII centuries and includes the Kushnir Tower, the Wind Gate, the Turkish Bastions, the city's defensive walls, the Lithuanian Tower. The scientific novelty is that for the first time an attempt was made to comprehensively outline the milestones in the history of the northern defensive hub of the Old Town of Kamianets-Podilskyi.

The level of preservation of architectural structure of the construction of the central part of the town of Stryi is analyzed. The value of separate objects that are considered to get a status as a monuments to be protected is studied. The analysis of the invasion of the architectural building and its urban structure by modern unprofessional buildings, the cutting of parcels according to historical cadastres is carried out. The museum in the open air in the central part of Stryi is suggested to be created.

The article considers historical industrial, sacred and residential buildings and structures made of natural stone, located on the left bank of the Dniester within the Eastern Podillya. The paper fixates the technical condition, characterizes the features of the architectural appearance and design solutions of the masonry of the preserved objects.