штучний камінь

The problem of restoring the facades of historic buildings is very relevant throughout the world. Physical wear and tear of materials and damage to facades are caused by climatic factors and environmental pollution. Romanesque cement is typically used for architectural and decorative elements of facades of stone buildings from the second half of the 19th century to the early 20th century in Europe, particularly in Lviv. Depending on the type of decorative and structural elements, the methods of their manufacture, reinforcement, and placement on the facade differ.

Materials obtained during archaeological excavations on the place of castle in the city of Cholm (today Chełm in Poland), in the area of king Daniel’s 13th century residential complex, have been subject to examination. They are in the forms of bricks and glazed tiles, as well as sizeable shapeless and purposeless accumulations indicating post-manufacturing remains. The materials are white, green and multi-colored. They refer to Halychian alabasters and green glaukonitite from Cholm, which were originally used there. The examination of white materials was performed.