захист прав людини

Abstract. Armed conflicts remain one of the greatest challenges for the international community, threatening fundamental international values and declared guarantees. The article analyses the current challenges and opportunities for the implementation of international law in the field of human rights protection during armed conflicts, in particular in the context of the war in Ukraine.

The article is devoted to the researching of the legal status of the Presidents in the French Republic and in Ukraine, because both states are semi-presidential republics and have common features. In order to understand the advantages and disadvantages of the powers of the heads of the studied states and their possible optimization in Ukraine, a comparative analysis of the institutions of the President is conducted, including from the point of view of protecting the Constitution and the role of Presidents in the protection of human rights, which is the relevance of the research topic.

The article deals with the comparative analysis of the nature of human rights in the states of the Islamic legal family in accordance with the norms established by the western states. The peculiarities of the attitude of Muslim, Arab states to international legal acts regulating the protection of human rights are highlighted. The backwardness of Islamic theocratic states from the democratic and legal principles on human rights issues that have emerged in Europe and in the world is the main problem. The issue of human rights protection is still relevant in 2020.