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  3. Volume 12, Number 2, 2025
  4. Stability analysis of three-dimensional stagnation-point flow and heat transfer over a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet with heat source effect in viscous fluid

Stability analysis of three-dimensional stagnation-point flow and heat transfer over a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet with heat source effect in viscous fluid

MMC.
2025;
Volume 12, Number 2
: pp. 640–649
https://doi.org/10.23939/mmc2025.02.640
Received: January 10, 2025
Revised: June 19, 2025
Accepted: June 21, 2025

Kamal F., Zaimi K., Hamid R. A., Bakar N. A. A., Saidin N. A., Halim A. A. A.  Stability analysis of three-dimensional stagnation-point flow and heat transfer over a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet with heat source effect in viscous fluid.  Mathematical Modeling and Computing. Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 640–649 (2025)

Authors:
  1. F. Kamal
  2. K. Zaimi
  3. R. A. Hamid
  4. N. A. A. Bakar
  5. N. A. Saidin
  6. A. A. A. Halim
1
Institute of Engineering Mathematics, University Malaysia Perlis
2
Institute of Engineering Mathematics, University Malaysia Perlis; Centre of Excellence for Social Innovation and Sustainability (CoESIS), University Malaysia Perlis
3
Institute of Engineering Mathematics, University Malaysia Perlis
4
Institute of Engineering Mathematics, University Malaysia Perlis
5
Institute of Engineering Mathematics, University Malaysia Perlis
6
Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology (FTKEN), University Malaysia Perlis

This study presents the steady three-dimensional stagnation-point flow towards a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet in the presence of heat source effects.  The governing equations in the form of partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation, and then solved numerically using bvp4c function in Matlab software.  The variations of the numerical solutions for the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number as well as velocity and temperature profiles are obtained for several values of the governing parameters.  It is found that the dual solutions exist for the stretching/shrinking case.  Stability analysis is performed to determine which solution is stable and physically reliable.  Results from the stability analysis show that the first solution is stable while the second solution is not.

three-dimensional flow
stagnation-point
suction/injection effect
heat source effect
stretching/shrinking sheet
stability analysis
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