THE SYSTEM OF PRESERVATION OF ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS IN WARTIME CONDITIONS

Starting on February 24, 2022, Russia launched a brutal war against the people of Ukraine, and this war has been ongoing for more than three and a half years. Over the course of this war, 1,046 cultural heritage sites have been destroyed or damaged. Among them, 128 are of national importance, 848 are of local importance, and 70 are newly discovered . The country's infrastructure has been destroyed, and there is practically no city or village that has not been subjected to missile, artillery, or drone attacks in one way or another. This is a completely new type of war, which attracts the attention of scientists aimed at identifying the nature of the destruction, conducting the necessary measurements of damaged objects, and recording buildings that may be destroyed during Russia's military aggression against Ukraine.

The actuality of the study is determined by the need to consider the system of preservation of cultural heritage objects on the territory of Ukraine. They can be classified into several groups. Cultural heritage sites in Ukraine can be classified into several groups. The first group includes sites located in annexed Crimea. The second category encompasses sites situated in occupied territories, including the regions of Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson. The third group consists of sites located in active combat zones. Finally, the fourth category includes sites located in territories controlled by Ukraine.

The preservation of architectural monuments in wartime Ukraine is paramount. While significant progress has been made in documentation and emergency response training, challenges of looting, illegal trade and ongoing warfare continue to threaten heritage. A resilient preservation system must combine rapid emergency action with long-term recovery planning, community engagement, and active international cooperation that respects Ukraine’s heritage and cultural rights.