surface energy

The article presents a comprehensive study of the surface properties of polymer films used in flexible packaging, with emphasis on their suitability for forming stable ink layers under flexographic printing conditions. The growing use of polymer substrates with insufficient surface energy makes the topic highly relevant, as achieving reliable adhesion between the ink and film surface remains a technological challenge.

The article shows that one of the innovative ways of obtaining of High performance rapid-hardening concretes is the use of nanotechnology techniques related to the directed process of structure formation by modifying of nanoscale elements. The strategies for the implementation of nanotechnology in the manufacture of concrete - the adding of primary specially synthesized nanoscale components or direct synthesis of nanoscale objects in the space of material and on the boundary interface are analysed.