Dubno

The article explores the evolution of defensive fortifications in small towns of Volyn, using the examples of Dubno and Kremenets. It analyzes the transition from wooden fortifications to masonry bastion systems, influenced by changes in military strategy, construction technologies, and the political situation in the region. Significant attention is given to urban planning features, the role of fortifications in shaping city structures, and their adaptation to the natural landscape.

The study of Tarakaniv Fort, the largest defensive fort in Ukraine, which has survived to this day with partial losses of material substance as a result of military operations, which is decaying under the influence of atmospheric factors, is extremely relevant in our time, when the country is in a state of war. The purpose of the article is to analyze the planning and architectural-spatial structure of the Tarakan Fort, to reveal its architectural-constructive features, to determine the current technical condition and to propose a functional adaptation.