automation.

The article presents an analysis of the forces acting on the armature-valve of a pneumatic solenoid valve, which is a key element in pneumatic actuator control systems. The present study is an experimental and theoretical investigation into the influence of magnetic, pneumatic and inertial forces on the dynamics of armature movement. The findings of the analysis can be utilised to enhance the precision and efficacy of pulse collectors within intricate technical systems.

The phase is one of the main parameters of the oscillatory process in electric circuits and contains two components
– constant and variable. More often, it is not the actual phase that is measured, but the phase shift angle (PSA) between two
oscillating processes (voltages or currents) of the same frequency in the range from 0 to 360˚. Then the PSA is equal to the difference
between the constant components of the phases of the two oscillations and does not depend on the start of the time count.