There is terminological ambiguity in the definition and understanding of a number of morphological concepts and categories in the theory and practice of urban planning. Such concepts are aimed at giving an objective assessment of the features and patterns of formation of the material and spatial environment of the city. We have proposed and substantiated the method of forming a morphological thesaurus.
The article is aimed at covering the issue of the historical organization of the network of fortresses of the northwest coast of the Black Sea and the Danube-Dnepr intermarriage during the 17th and 18th centuries, the times of subordination of this territory to the Ottoman Empire and vassal states. The study covered 11 cities that had fortification systems. Historiographical and descriptive documents on fortifications were systematized, search for common features and algorithms for the formation of a fortified area was compared with other known Ottoman cities of the same period.
Today, when the wheel of world history is fluttering, it becomes increasingly difficult to distinguish joy and despair from the tremendous achievements and no less losses from the achievements, downs and failures of modern culture and civilization.