Permanet magnet DC motors ( PM DCM) have an advantage over electromagnetically excited commutator motors due to their better energy performance. The application of analytical methods to study PM DCM requires significant simplifications, and the use of field methods is quite labour-intensive.
Permanent magnet direct current (PMDC) motors nowadays successfully replace analogical motors with electromagnetic excitation. PMDC have a higher output-input ratio and less mass on unit of power. In the process of planning and exploitation of PMDC motors it is necessary to prevent the danger of demagnetization effect of permanent magnets. The demagnetizing action of armature reaction can result in demagnetization effect of permanent magnets and to the loss of capacity to the PMDC. These factor ground research actuality.
There is a tendency of replacement of small direct current motors with electromagnetic excitation on permanent magnet direct current (PMDC) motors nowadays. PMDC motors are widely used and that is why a task of creation of mathematical models of this type of motor is actual. The aim of the article is creation of mathematical model of magnetic state of PMDC motors on the basis of theory of electric and magnetic circuit.