intentionality

This article critically examines Roger Scruton’s arguments against recognizing photography as art due to its mechanical nature. Scruton claims that photography is merely a reproduction of reality, lacking the creative intentionality found in traditional art forms like painting or theatre. The paper analyzes Scruton’s views within the context of contemporary philosophical discussions on the nature of art and photography. The research methodology includes a comparative analysis of Scruton’s ideas and those of philosophers such as Stanley Cavell, Kendall Walton, and Jean Baudrillard.

         The work of David Papineau, the British scientist and philosopher, professor of the King’s College of London and the University of New York, former teacher of the University of Cambridge, is considered. The author analyzes the theories of sensory perception and experience, explains the advantages and disadvantages of each of them, in particular the theory of naive realism and representationalism.

In the article about the miracle, the author sketches briefly the history of philosophy of miracle, in which the miracle appears as a manifestation of the significance of being and truth in this world. The miracle is considered from Antiquity (Plato and Aristotle) till contemporary phenomenologists, who are the representatives of the theological or religious turn in phenomenology (Marion, Manoussakis, Kearney).

The author of the monograph considers the phenomenon of dialogue in the context of the philosophy of dialogue and personalism. Therefore, the author’s approach to realizing dialogue is called “dialogical personalism” and its method is a 
phenomenological description. There are different levels of intentional bias between Me and Thou. The author argues that