Nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen trioxide as well as dimers of nitrogen dioxide are reactive initiators of radical transformations of macromolecules and modifying reactants for polymers. Features of the initiation mechanism determining the composition of molecular and radical products in polymers under the action of nitrogen oxides are discussed.
In this paper an overview of novel biodegradable polymers for food packaging is presented. The aim was to present factors influencing polymer degradation and biodegradation in various environments. It was noted that biodegradable polymers are an imperfect alternative for classical polymers and their decomposition strongly depends on degradation environment. It was also shown that there are various approaches in different countries to certification of biodegradable polymer materials, which rather complicates its application than promotes it.
In this paper the contributors show the value of application of kinetic methods for the estimation of biocide activity. The authors have developed methods of quantitative estimation of biocide efficiency independent of its solubility in water. It is found that inhibited kinetics of microscopic fungal growth on nutriments with biocides is described by a logistic equation. They suggest parameters for the characterization of biocide efficiency.
The course and the result of the surface modification of titanium dioxide and ferrous oxide pigments in aqueous dispersion by ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC) without and with mechanical treatment of the dispersion by ultrasonic power was studied by the electrokinetic sonic amplitude (ESA) method. The evaluation of the ESA data showed that the ultrasonic treatment causes a significant thickness increase of the EHEC layer on the pigment which is primarily attributed to the ultrasonically induced activation of the pigment surface.
The effect of the irradiation (-rays or electron beam) on structure-property relationships for the high performance thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) obtained as a result of dynamic vulcanization of the blends of recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE), ethylene/propylene/diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, and ground tire rubber (GTR, pre-treated with Bitumen), has been investigated. Bitumen was used as a multifunctional agent providing partial devulcanization of GTR (during GTR pre-treatment) as plasticiser and to improve adhesion between the GTR particles and surrounding thermoplastic matrix.