ruins

The article deals with defensive structures of only one type – stone castle complexes. The purpose of this study is to compile a list of stone castles that have survived to this day in whole or in ruins on the territory of Western Ukraine, to identify the geography of their distribution, and to highlight the main stages of their emergence.

Sacred objects play an important role as symbols of identity and traditions. It is noted that as a result of changes in society and technological progress, many of these buildings are at risk of neglect and destruction. The article explores different approaches to the revitalization of sacred objects, pointing to their role in preserving cultural heritage and creating active centers for different segments of society.