security

The article examines the peculiarities of nuclear blackmail as a tool of Russia’s foreign policy in the post-truth era and the threat this poses to Ukraine and the international community. It also analyzes the Russian Federation’s legal and regulatory framework in the nuclear sphere, in particular the latest official documents of 2024-2025, which significantly expanded the list of grounds for the use of tactical nuclear weapons – a move that directly contradicts the international obligations of the USSR/Russia under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.

The authors argue that the impact of globalisation on the transformation of traditional threats to the international community caused the emergence of new asymmetric threats. The newest asymmetric threats originate from "weak" states or groups, which, despite lacking military superiority, can cause significant damage to stronger international actors in various ways. The article analyses the main characteristics of asymmetric threats, including their intensity, probability, and timeframe, which allow weaker actors to inflict damage.

This article analyzes the possibilities for exercising the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion in Ukraine during martial law. It emphasizes that although Ukraine is a secular state with constitutionally enshrined separation of church and state, this does not negate its obligations to ensure this right. On the contrary, the secular nature of the state requires a set of legal and organizational measures to guarantee everyone’s right to freedom of belief.

This paper proposes an enhanced model of Host Intrusion Detection Systems (HIDS) adapted for Linux- based Network Operating Systems (NOS), specifically SONiC. The SONiC architecture has been analyzed to identify intrusion-sensitive components, including telemetry data, container logs, and inter-container communications. A machine learning-based HIDS profile has been introduced to detect anomalies within containerized services and network modules. Signature-based, anomaly-based, and hybrid-based detection approaches have been classified with consideration of NOS-specific traits.

The article clarifies the options for cooperation of 26 EU Member States within the framework of PESCO, which combine and develop their capabilities that they would be unable to create and implement separately. It is about developing defence capabilities, investment coordination, increasing operational readiness, operational interoperability, stability of their armed forces, and cooperation in various projects. It is emphasized on the various PESCO projects, such as cyber, unmanned systems, chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear surveillance, and medical services.

The article describes methods and means of digital security that are utilizing distributed tracing to detect, investigate, and prevent security incidents. The described methods and means are applicable to solutions of any scale – from large enterprises to pet projects; of any domain – healthcare, banking, government, retail, etc. The article takes a comprehensive approach to digital security including identification, alerting, prevention, investigation, and audit of existing security incidents.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the state and tender development of the Ukrainian grain market in terms of unlocking the export potential of the Ukrainian grain industry, given the need to restore logistics supply chains for export-oriented grain flows in the face of blocked land and water transport corridors. The objectives of the study were:

Розглянуто проблеми екологічної безпеки міста як складової безпеки життєдіяльності міста. Проаналізовано причин виникнення небезпек і можливі варіанти їх ліквідації за допомогою управлінських дій. Запропоновано концептуальну схему управління міською екобезпекою і структуру управлінського органу, алгоритм управління екобезпекою.