On the question of the use of evaluative concepts in tax law

Citation APA: Baik О. On the question of the use of evaluative concepts in tax law. Bulletin of Lviv Polytechnic National University. Series: Legal Sciences.  Vol. 10, No. 4(40), pp. 64-69. https://doi.org/10.23939/law2023.40.064

Authors:
1
Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure Educational and Scientific Institute of Law, Psychology and Innovative Education Lviv Polytechnic National University, Doctor of Law

The article analyzes current issues regarding the use of valuation concepts in tax law. In particular, scientific approaches to the specification of valuation concepts in tax law, which they receive in the normative order or in judicial practice, are considered. In addition, it is emphasized about the specification of valuation concepts in the legal interpretation practice of controlling authorities and in subordinate legal acts of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine and controlling authorities, which receives its fixation in subordinate legal acts of tax legislation, letters, general and individual tax consultations.

It was found that the use of norms with evaluative concepts in the texts of tax regulations is determined by a number of objective and subjective factors. It is highlighted that the peculiarities of the evaluation concepts are that: 1) they are either not explained at all in the legislation, or find only a partial interpretation in it; 2) they are specified by the law enforcer himself; 3) they are specified on the basis of discretion.

Taking into account the peculiarities of discretion in tax and legal regulation, it is emphasized that quite often there are situations in which formally undefined concepts are used. It was established that evaluative concepts are necessary in the presence of an objective need to establish certain limits of discretion for the subject of law enforcement. Valuation concepts are an objectively necessary component of tax-legal norms and occupy an important place in the conceptual-categorical apparatus of tax law. As an example, the evaluative concepts that are components of the concepts of «tax» and «fee» were analyzed. In this case, among the evaluation concepts, «unconditional payment to the relevant budget» and «special benefit» were singled out and analyzed.

The author’s conclusion was made that in some cases there is a need for a thorough clarification of valuation concepts in tax law using additional sources. It is noted that today the issue of the meaning and place of valuation concepts in tax law is open for discussion and requires further scientific research.

1. Hetmantseva, N. (2017). Vplyv otsinochnykh poniat na dohovirne rehuliuvannia trudovykh vidnosyn [The influence of evaluative concepts on the contractual regulation of labor relations]. Pidpryiemnytstvo, hospodarstvo i pravo [Entrepreneurship, economy and law]. № 5. Р. 72-75 [in Ukrainian].
2. Kosovych, V. (2017). Tekhniko-tekhnolohichni pravyla zastosuvannia otsinochnykh poniat [Technical and technological rules of application of evaluation concepts]. Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia yurydychna [Bulletin of Lviv University. Legal series]. Issue 65. Р. 3-12 [in Ukrainian].
https://doi.org/10.30970/vla.2017.65.7600
3. Moiseienko, H. V. (2017). Otsinochni poniattia v administratyvnomu sudochynstvi [Evaluative concepts in administrative proceedings]. Kandydatska dysertatsiia [Candidate's dissertation]. Zaporizhzhia: Zaporizkyi natsionalnyi universytet. 222 p. [in Ukrainian].
4. Smychok, Ye. M. (2020). Sudova doktryna rozumnoi ekonomichnoi prychyny [Judicial doctrine of reasonable economic reason]. Vcheni zapysky TNU imeni V.I. Vernadskoho. Seriia: yurydychni nauky [Academic notes of TNU named after V. I. Vernadskyi. Series: legal sciences]. № 5, vol. 31 (70). Р. 82-88 [in Ukrainian].
https://doi.org/10.32838/TNU-2707-0581/2020.5/15
5. Kisiliuk, E. M., Smahliuk, O. V. (2018). Osoblyvosti zastosuvannia otsinochnykh poniat u kryminalnomu zakonodavstvi Ukrainy [Peculiarities of the application of evaluative concepts in the criminal legislation of Ukraine]. Yurydychnyi visnyk [Legal Bulletin]. № 1. Р. 166-170 [in Ukrainian].
6. Smychok, Ye. M. (2021). Otsinochni poniattia yak prychyna formuvannia sudovykh doktryn u podatkovomu pravi [Valuation concepts as a reason for the formation of judicial doctrines in tax law]. Pravovi novely. Naukovyi yurydychnyi zhurnal [Legal novels. Scientific legal journal]. № 13. Р. 160-166 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.32847/ln.2021.13.23
7. Kutsovol, K. V. (2023). Otsinochni poniattia u pravi sotsialnoho zabezpechennia Ukrainy [Evaluative concepts in the law of social security of Ukraine]. Dysertatsiia doktora filosofii [Dissertation of Doctor of Philosophy]. Kyiv: Kyivskyi natsionalnyi universytet im. Tarasa Shevchenka. 212 p. [in Ukrainian].
8. Yaroshenko, O. M. (2022) Trudove pravo Ukrainy: pidruchnyk [Labor Law of Ukraine: a textbook]. Kharkiv. 376 p. Retrieved from: https://mon.gov.ua/storage/app/media/news/2022/07/27/Trudove.pravo.Ukray... (accessed 15.09.2023) [in Ukrainian].
9. Kolomoiets, T. O. (ed.) (2014). Pryntsypy dii otsinnykh poniat u vitchyznianomu podatkovomu pravi [The principles of evaluation concepts in domestic tax law]. Finansove pravo [Finance law]. № 3 (29). Р. 17-20 [in Ukrainian].
10. Salmanova, O. Yu. (2015). Problemy vykorystannia otsinochnykh poniat v administratyvno-deliktnomu zakonodavstvi [Problems of using evaluative concepts in administrative-delict legislation]. Pravo i bezpeka [Law and security]. № 3 (58). Р. 62-67 [in Ukrainian].
11. Kucheriavenko, M. P. (2017). Osoblyvosti rozsudu v podatkovo-pravovomu rehuliuvanni [Features of discretion in tax and legal regulation]. Journal «ScienceRise: Juridical Science». № 1. Р. 37-41 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2017.111208
12. Mamalui, O. O. (2020). Materialni pravozastosovni pryntsypy realizatsii podatkovykh vidnosyn [Material principles of enforcement of tax relations]. Yurydychnyi naukovyi elektronnyi zhurnal [Legal scientific electronic journal]. № 3. Р. 254-256 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2020-3/61
13. Hlukhyi, O. H. (2013). Otsinochni poniattia v podatkovomu pravi Ukrainy [Evaluative concepts in the tax law of Ukraine]. Avtoreferat kandydatskoi dysertatsii [Abstract of thesis candidate's dissertation]. Zaporizhzhia: Zaporizkyi natsionalnyi universytet. 20 p. [in Ukrainian].
14. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2010, December 2). Podatkovyi kodeks Ukrainy [Tax Code of Ukraine]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy [Information of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine] (2011). № 13-14, № 15-16, № 17 [in Ukrainian].
15. Kunch, Z. Y. (2007). Universalnyi slovnyk ukrainskoi movy [The universal dictionary of the Ukrainian language]. Ternopil: Navchalna knyha - Bohdan. 848 p. [in Ukrainian].
16. Borysenko, V. V. (2014). Poniattia ta oznaky mistsevykh podatkiv ta zboriv za zakonodavstvom Ukrainy [Concepts and signs of local taxes and fees under the legislation of Ukraine]. Naukovyi visnyk Akademii munitsypalnoho upravlinnia. Seriia «Pravo» [Scientific Bulletin of the Academy of Municipal Administration. Law series]. Issue 2. Р. 221-226 [in Ukrainian].
17. Krutova, A. S. (ed.) (2015). Osoblyvosti narakhuvannia ta obliku viiskovoho zboru [Peculiarities of calculation and accounting of military duty]. Peculiarities of calculation and accounting of military duty [Economic strategy and prospects for the development of trade and services]. Issue 1. Р. 19-29. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/esprstp_2015_1_4 (accessed 21.09.2023) [in Ukrainian].