The article deals with the analysis of the legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights formed in the process of hearing cases of human rights violations through language discrimination (discrimination on the basis of language) in the exercise of the right to education. On the basis of the analyzed legal positions it is possible to explain the unreasonableness of the requirements of some minority representatives to carry out the educational process exclusively in the language of the national minority, while ignoring the educational process in the state language. In addition, a number of legal positions of the ECHR can be applied to prove language rights discrimination of the Ukrainians on the Russian-occupied territories.
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