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  3. Volume 10, Number 4, 2023
  4. Heat transfer analysis on magneto–ternary nanofluid flow in a porous medium over a moving surface

Heat transfer analysis on magneto–ternary nanofluid flow in a porous medium over a moving surface

MMC.
2023;
Volume 10, Number 4
: pp. 1250–1259
https://doi.org/10.23939/mmc2023.04.1250
Received: September 26, 2023
Revised: November 18, 2023
Accepted: November 19, 2023

Mathematical Modeling and Computing, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 1250–1259 (2023)

Authors:
  1. N. S. Anuar
  2. B. N. Hussain
  3. N. A. M. Asuki
  4. N. Bachok
1
School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Technology MARA
2
School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Technology MARA
3
School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Technology MARA
4
Institute of Mathematical Research and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia; College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, University Teknologi MARA Kedah

Researchers have become attracted with ternary hybrid nanoparticles because of its effectiveness in enhancing heat transfer and have gone on to further analyze the working fluid.  This study is focusing on magneto-ternary nanofluid flow in a porous medium over a moving plate with Joule heating.  The combination of TiO$_2$, SiO$_2$, and Al$_2$O$_3$ with water, H$_2$O, as the based fluid is used for the analysis. Using similarity transformation, the complexity of partial differential equations (PDEs) is reduced into ordinary differential equation (ODE) systems, which are then numerically solved in MATLAB using the bvp4c function for various values of the governing parameters.  The impacts of different dimensionless physical parameters on velocity, temperature as well as skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number are reported in the form of graphs.  Two solutions are achieved when the plate and free-stream are moving along mutually opposite directions.  Further, local Nusselt number increases with permeability parameter and suction parameter.  Also, increments in permeability parameter and the suction parameter lead to the delay in the boundary layer separation.  Furthermore, by combining TiO$_2$ with a volume percentage of  SiO$_2$-Al$_2$O$_3$/H$_2$O, the heat transfer is enhanced.  With an increase in nanoparticle volume fraction, the similarity solutions to exist decrease.

ternary nanofluid
boundary layer flow
heat transfer
porous medium
moving plate
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