Toolkit for Comprehensive Assessment and Management of Foreign Exchange Risks of an Enterprise in Foreign Economic Activities

The article examines the essence, features and types of currency risks of enterprises in the context of foreign economic activity. The key characteristics of currency risks are analyzed, and their impact on the functional areas of foreign economic activity of enterprises is determined. Based on the theoretical analysis of the essence of currency risk, its main characteristics were identified: multidimensionality, volatility, systematicity, dual nature, cascading nature.
The essence of strategic currency risk, which is associated with long-term investment decisions of the enterprise in international markets, is investigated. This type of risk includes issues of geographical diversification of the business, choice of currency for long-term financing and formation of currency capital structure; operational currency risk – characterizes the possible impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the operational activities of the enterprise, including pricing, procurement and cost structure; regulatory currency risk – arises due to changes in currency legislation and regulatory policies of various states, which may limit or complicate the conduct of international operations.
Factors that influence the increasing significance of currency risks for enterprises engaged in foreign economic activity are analyzed, including the expansion of the geography of international trade and investment, the formation of multicurrency supply chains, the instability of the global financial system, information asymmetry in international currency markets, de-dollarization of international settlements, and structural transformations of the global economy.
A comprehensive procedure for assessing and hedging currency risks at enterprises has been developed, which involves the formation of a structured algorithm that provides a systematic approach to managing currency risks in the context of active development of foreign economic activity. This procedure involves the consistent implementation of measures aimed at identifying, quantifying and minimizing the negative impact of currency fluctuations on the financial stability of the enterprise. The process of managing currency risks is conventionally divided into several stages
The development of an effective algorithm for assessing and hedging currency risk should be an integral part of the strategic financial management of an enterprise engaged in foreign economic activity. Rational management of currency risks contributes to increasing the financial stability of the enterprise, minimizing potential losses and ensuring competitiveness in a volatile currency environment.