rheological properties

Global demand for crude oil has grown significantly over the past two decades. However, conventional light crude oil production is declining, and more and more deposits of heavy and waxy oil, including high waxy ones, are being developed, creating new technological challenges at every level of the process, from production to transportation and refining. Among the various problems, the main one is wax deposition. Since the costs of maintenance, repair, and achieving the required low-temperature properties of commercial oil products are very high, solving this problem becomes critical.

The activity of the photoinitiator system, based on triethanolamine (TEOA) and methylene blue (MB), on the photopolymerization of hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) monomer under very soft irradiation conditions, was evaluated. A remarkable difference in the polymerization kinetics of a set of PHEA experiments was underlined according to TEOA/MB concentrations, as well as the solutions pH.

Crude oils of the Yablunivsky deposit (Poltava region, Ukraine) have been studied in order to choose further ways of their processing. The fractional composition was studied by the method of simulated distillation. The structural and mechanical properties of petroleum products, the content of metals and the elemental composition were determined. Studies have shown that oils are of high-sulfur heavy grade, without light distillates; they have high density, viscosity, and large amounts of metals. A flow chart for the processing of such oils has been proposed.

This article discusses the influence of the methods of lime cream generation and its physico-chemical properties on raw juice purification process. It offers some measures for the raw juice clarification process failure prevention that stem from the methods of lime cream preparation. The electrokinetic potential of the lime cream is studied and the structure of calcium hydroxide micelle is proposed.

An approach to water emulsions modification with structure forming additives, namely cellulose esters, is proposed in the article. Influence of the film former origin on the system rheological properties at different shear-strain rates was examined. Structural and mechanical, as well as rheological properties of the studied systems were determined. The results confirm that hydroxyethylcellulose has a greater structure forming effect in comparison with carboxymethylcellulose.

The influence of micro- and macro-crystalline paraffins on the properties of crude oil and organic solvents was investigated. Micro-cristalline paraffins promote the most pronounced changes in the investigated physical and rheological properties of all tested solutions. The concentration of branched-alkanes in paraffins is the pivotal parameter that promotes these changes.