cementation

In the present study, the interactive effects of the process variables containing copper concentration, temperature, and time on the efficiency of copper cementation by metallic aluminum particles were examined by using response surface methodology (RSM). It was observed that the efficiency of cementation increased with an increase in the initial concentration of copper, temperature and time. The multiple regression analysis to the experimental data was applied to see the interactive effects of process variables. The second-order polynomial equation was obtained.

Zinc cementation by magnesium from ZnCl2+NH4Cl aqueous solutions has been investigated. The amount of magnesium has been established as 0.8–2.0 g per 1 g of conditioned zinc to obtain recovery degree  99 %. At low concentrations of Zn2+ ions (0.025–0.1 M ZnCl2) dispersed deposit is formed with nanoparticles of reduced metal; at high concentrations (0.25–0.5 M) coarse-crystalline and fern-shaped deposit is formed.

Palladium deposition on rotational magnesium disk and magnesium powder via cementation has been investigated in 0.01 M PdCl2 solutions in dimethylformamide. The reduction process started from 323–333 K without the induction period. Spheroidal microparticles of palladium and its agglomerates were found to be formed on the magnesium disk surface. Particles in the form of needles and plates by the width of 80–120 nm were formed on the surface of magnesium powder. The deposited particles are characterized by high adhesion to the substrate surface.