The phase composition of ash and slag from thermal power stations (TPS) were studied. It was established that ashes from thermal power stations are not homogeneous glass in the structure and are characterized by the presence of a significant number of mullite and hercynite crystallization centers. The phase composition and structure of ash slag were investigated by XRF and SAR methods.
Rus temples in XI–XIV centuries are representatives of cities and urban culture. An important element of their ornamentation was multicolored glazed ceramic tiles. They were used at the beginning of the temple buildings in Ukraine. During a long-lasting existence the floor in the temples was repeatedly replaced. The temple architecture in Volyn traditionally imitated into Kiev one, but there were also strong influences of the West.
Rus temples in XI–XIV centuries are representatives of cities and urban culture. An important element of their ornamentation was multicolored glazed ceramic tiles. They were used at the beginning of the temple buildings in Ukraine. During a long-lasting existence the floor in the temples was repeatedly replaced. The temple architecture in Volyn traditionally imitated into Kiev one, but there were also strong influences of the West. The formats of floor tiles undergo various changes during the XI–XIV centuries.
The short-term effect and the limitation of maximum temperatures influence in conditions of high-speed firing of ceramic tiles in roller furnaces of flow-conveyor lines raises an urgent task of controlling the processes of structure and phase formation at burning in the direction of increasing the content of the crystalline component of the pot.