STRENGHENING OF RC BEAMS BY FRC AND FRP SYSTEMS – A REVIEW

The article examines studies on the reinforcement of reinforced concrete elements of cement -based fibro -based fibro systems (FRC) and polymers reinforcement fibro (FRP). Nowadays, the world economy, and with it, the construction industry is developing at a rapid pace. New materials, mechanization, construction equipment are emerging on the market. Due to this, modern structures impress with their shapes, scale and complexity of structures. The state of construction production in the country can be judged on the state of the economy of this country as a whole. Now the urgent issue in the world is the use of new composite materials in the strengthening of building structures. Such materials include non -metallic fittings, laminates, nets and canvases based on high -strength fibers. In this case, the own weight of fiber materials is slightly small. Only units of the above researchers performed enhancement of experimental samples under load, so the influence of the initial stress-deformed state on the work of the structure after amplification was practically not studied.

Abdallah, M., Al Mahmoud, F., Tabet-Derraz, M. I., Khelil, A., & Mercier, J. (2021). Experimental and numerical investigation on the effectiveness of NSM and side-NSM CFRP bars for strengthening continuous two-span RC beams. Journal of Building Engineering, 41, 102723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102723
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102723
Abdel-Kareem, H. A. (2020). Punching strengthening of concrete slab-column connections using near surface mounted (NSM) carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars. Journal of Engineering Research and Reports, 9(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2019/v9i217013
https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2019/v9i217013
Adheem, A. H., Kadhim, M. M., & Jawdhari, A. (2022). Parametric study and improved capacity model for RC beams strengthened with side NSM CFRP bars. Structures, vol. 39, pp. 1118-1134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.04.003
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.04.003
Alberti, M. G., Enfedaque, A., Faria, D. M., & Fernández Ruiz, M. (2024). The Potential of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete to Reduce the Environmental Impact of Concrete Construction. Applied Sciences, 14(15), 6629. https://doi.org/2076-3417/14/15/6629
https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156629
, F., Napoli, A., & Realfonzo, R. (2020). Experimental and analytical investigation on the bond of SRP systems to concrete. Composite Structures, 242, 112090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112090
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112090
Askar, M. K., Hassan, A. F., & Al-Kamaki, Y. S. (2022). Flexural and shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using FRP composites: A state of the art. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 17, e01189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01189
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01189
Baietti, G., Shahreza, S. K., Santandrea, M., & Carloni, C. (2021). Concrete columns confined with SRP: Effect of the size, cross-sectional shape and amount of confinement. Construction and Building Materials, 275, 121618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121618
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121618
Barris, C., Sala, P., Gómez, J., & Torres, L. (2020). Flexural behaviour of FRP reinforced concrete beams strengthened with NSM CFRP strips. Composite Structures, 241, 112059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112059
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112059
Casadei, P., Nanni, A., Alkhrdaji, T., & Thomas, J. (2005). Performance of double-T prestressed concrete beams strengthened with steel reinforcement polymer. Advances in Structural Engineering, 8(4), 427-442. https://doi.org/10.1260/136943305774353124
https://doi.org/10.1260/136943305774353124
Elakhras, A. A., Seleem, M. H., & Sallam, H. E. M. (2022). Real fracture toughness of FRC and FGC: size and boundary effects. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 22(2), 99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-022-00424-6
https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-022-00424-6
Gómez, J., Torres, L., & Barris, C. (2020). Characterization and simulation of the bond response of NSM FRP reinforcement in concrete. Materials, 13(7), 1770. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13071770
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13071770
Haddad, R. H., & Yaghmour, E. M. (2020). Side NSM CFRP strips with different profiles for strengthening reinforced concrete beams. Journal of Building Engineering, 32, 101772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101772
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101772
Haroon, M., Moon, J. S., & Kim, C. (2021). Performance of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer strips. Materials, 14(19), 5866. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14195866
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14195866
Marzec, I., Suchorzewski, J., & Bobiński, J. (2024). Three dimensional simulations of FRC beams and panels with explicit definition of fibres-concrete interaction. Engineering Structures, 319, 118856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118856
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118856
Mohamed, H. M., Ali, A. H., Hadhood, A., Mousa, S., Abdelazim, W., & Benmokrane, B. (2020). Testing, design, and field implementation of GFRP RC soft-eyes for tunnel construction. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 106, 103626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103626
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103626
Mukhtar, F., & Jawdhari, A. (2024). RC beams flexurally strengthened with CFRP sheets combined with FRC layer for mitigating debonding failures. Construction and Building Materials, 427, 136274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.136274
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.136274
Nikoloutsopoulos, N., Sotiropoulou, A., & Passa, D. (2023). Deep embedment and NSM techniques for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete slender beams with cFRP ropes. Materials Today: Proceedings, 93, 799-805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.07.254
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.07.254
Obaidat, Y. T., Barham, W. S., & Aljarah, A. H. (2020). New anchorage technique for NSM-CFRP flexural strengthened RC beam using steel clamped end plate. Construction and Building Materials, 263, 120246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120246
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120246
Panahi, M., Zareei, S. A., & Izadi, A. (2021). Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams through externally bonded FRP sheets and near surface mounted FRP bars. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 15, e00601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00601
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00601
Renić, T., & Kišiček, T. (2021). Ductility of concrete beams reinforced with frp rebars. Buildings, 11(9), 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11090424
https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11090424
Rossi, P. (2023). Numerical Designing of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Eco-Constructions. Materials, 16(7), 2576. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072576
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072576
Saha, M. K., & Tan, K. H. (2005, October). GFRP-Bonded RC beams under sustained loading and tropical weathering. In 7th International Symposium on FRP Reinforcement for Concrete Structures (FRPRCS-7) Kansas City, MO, USA, pp. 1379-1396. https://quakewrap.com/frp%20papers/GFRP-BondedRCBeamsunderSustainedLoadi...
Siddika, A., Al Mamun, M. A., Ferdous, W., & Alyousef, R. (2020). Performances, challenges and opportunities in strengthening reinforced concrete structures by using FRPs-A state-of-the-art review. Engineering Failure Analysis, 111, 104480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104480
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104480
Sneed, L. H., Verre, S., Ombres, L., & Carloni, C. (2022). Flexural behavior RC beams strengthened and repaired with SRP composite. Engineering Structures, 258, 114084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114084
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114084
Yan, Y., Lu, Y., Zhao, Q., & Li, S. (2023). Flexural behavior of pre-damaged and repaired reinforced concrete beams with carbon fiber reinforced polymer grid and engineered cementitious composite. Engineering Structures, 277, 115390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.115390
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.115390