This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of methodological approaches to the organization of environmental research in the context of landscape ecology with an emphasis on radioecological monitoring of areas contaminated with radionuclides. The study is based on a systematic approach that takes into account the spatial differentiation of radioactive contamination in relation to the geo-ecological characteristics of the area and the structure of landscapes. The main attention is paid to the formation of a scientifically based monitoring system, which provides for zoning of territories, continuous long-term monitoring of the dynamics of changes in the radiation situation, as well as the development of indicators for risk assessment. An innovative methodology for spatial modeling and mapping of radioactive contamination based on the identification of natural barriers and analysis of radionuclide migration mechanisms in different types of landscapes is proposed. The use of GIS technologies makes it possible to improve the accuracy of predicting the spread of contamination and identify the most vulnerable areas. The work is of practical importance for improving environmental management strategies, reducing risks to public health and environmental protection. The results can be used as a basis for developing regional environmental monitoring programs.
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