environmental monitoring

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of methodological approaches to the organization of environmental research in the context of landscape ecology with an emphasis on radioecological monitoring of areas contaminated with radionuclides. The study is based on a systematic approach that takes into account the spatial differentiation of radioactive contamination in relation to the geo-ecological characteristics of the area and the structure of landscapes.

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the state of atmospheric air in urbanized areas of Poltava and Kharkiv regions using the lichen indication method. The dynamics of changes in the main pollutants in the period 2020-2023 is analyzed, and correlations between lichen indication data and instrumental measurements are established. The species composition and distribution features of indicator lichens in different functional zones of the studied territories are determined.

The study delves into the significant environmental threat posed by cesium-137, a byproduct of nuclear mishaps, industrial activities, and past weapons tests. The persistence of cesium-137 disrupts ecosystems by contaminating soil and water, which subsequently affects human health through the food chain. Traditional monitoring techniques like gamma spectroscopy and soil sampling face challenges such as variability and the intensive use of resources.

Ecological aspects of sustainable development have recently attracted the attention of scientists. The article is devoted to the control of ecological safety based on the study of the state of plantations in the city of Kremenchuk using the method of fluctuating leaf asymmetry as an indicator. The research was conducted in recreational, residential, transport and industrial areas. It was found that the condition of green areasin the city of Kremenchuk is heterogeneous and depends on the level of anthropogenic pressure.

The aim of the research is to develop fuzzy impact models of the natural and anthropogenic influence, which allows to integrate different physical factors, which makes it possible to bring them to a single environmental assessment system and comparison of different assessed areas. Methodology. The basis of the proposed modeling is a traditional approach on the development of such models, which includes conceptual, logical and physical modeling levels.

Strengthening the legislative and international requirements for environmental protection and the need to optimize the energy consumption in the gas transportation system of Ukraine, requires the comprehensive monitoring of the environment as well as the lowering the energy consumption of Ukrainian gas transportation production facilities. In particular, JSC "Ukrtransgas", 2001 has started the works in introduction an integrated management system based on a combination of environmental management system ISO 14001 and energy management systems ISO 50001.

The impact of the mining and chemical enterprise on the state of pollution of the environment was assessed in the paper. The need to design an informational and analytical system for monitoring the territory of Rozdil state mining and chemical enterprise (SMCE) “Sirka” at the stage of the liquidation was proved. It was established that it is necessary to create an informational and analytical system of environmental monitoring, which will increase the ecological safety of the territory of the enterprise and the surrounding settlements.

In this article the environmental monitoring of the natural water bodies based on qualitative and quantitative analysis of bioindicative organisms were conducted. Approbation of the sampling methods, techniques and laboratory analysis of biological objects from natural ecosystems were carried out. The next biological objects have been analyzed: periphyton from rocky and stony coasts, algae and meiofaunal organisms (Nematoda, Harpacticoida, Cladocera, Rotifera), and macrobenthos freshwater river-living organisms. Main influences and distribution dependences were found.