The paper presents the history of the formation of historical residential buildings in Ukraine and analyzes the reasons for the dense development of historical neighborhoods. It is noted that in the twenty-first century, historical residential buildings continue to perform a residential function, however, long-term negligent maintenance, poor airtightness, leaky windows, inefficient heating systems and insufficient ventilation, as well as the infiltration of enclosing structures due to deformation and cracks in the exterior walls and leaking pipes have led to a number of technical shortcomings, such as high energy consumption and low thermal comfort. Today, one of the priorities in the reconstruction of historic residential buildings is to solve problems with their energy efficiency. This article analyzes the principles of insulation of building facades that cannot be insulated from the outside due to their historical and cultural value. Sometimes, unprofessional residential building reconstruction projects that involve improving their energy efficiency lead to the loss of the architectural and decorative solution of the facades. The article discusses modern methods of improving the energy efficiency of buildings, provides examples of international experience in the use of energy-efficient technologies in the reconstruction of buildings belonging to historical buildings.
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