reconstruction

This research article is devoted to the topical issues of restoration and modernization of Ukraine
in the post-war period, the study of strategies for the restoration and reconstruction of economic and
social structures in the regions of Ukraine that have been devastated by the war with russia. The research
is based on the analysis of the experience of other countries that have experienced similar challenges, as
well as on the study of successful practices and possible failures in the implementation of recovery

The currently available materials are outlined and systematized, which can serve as the basis for a proposal to reproduce the original appearance of the now defunct Church of the Transfiguration in the village. Spas in the Sambir region, which are divided into historiographical, hypothetical and reflective. Value levels of the mentioned materials were determined based on the method of mutual agreement. Repetitive data on the architectural features of the building are considered more reliable.

During the regular shelling of cities and villages, a significant part of single-family houses throughout Ukraine were destroyed and damaged. In the article, a visual analysis of the destruction of private housing is carried out and architectural and constructive solutions are identified, which during new construction can make the house more reliable and safer for living in conditions of war. In the course of the study, methods of comparative analysis were used. The article can be used as a reference material for designing a new private home.

Для реконструкції зображень розподілу провідності за даними томографічного експерименту біполярної імпедансної томографії (БІТ) синтезовано структуру штучної нейронної мережі (ШНМ) прямого поширення сигналу, вхідним вектором якої є дані томографічного експерименту, а вектором виходу – зображення розподілу провідності. Шляхом комп’ютерного імітаційного моделювання досліджено метод реконструкції із застосуванням нейронної мережі.

Architectural features of typical low-rise residential buildings in the period 1939-1955 in ukraine are considered. It was noted that it was at this time that the mass construction of housing for the population in Ukraine was actively developing during industrialization, consolidation of villages (creation of «agricultural towns») and post-war reconstruction. Such typical housing was characteristic of many cities and towns during these years and reflected the spirit and needs of the time.

After World War II, the creative thinking of architects in Japan resulted in metabolism, a new architectural direction with an ideology that corresponded to the culture and lifestyle of the state. The metabolism theory was based on the principle of individual development of a living organism (ontogenesis) and coevolution. Metabolism combined ideas about architectural megastructures with ideas of organic growth.

Globally, cities have two options for growth: extensive and intensive. The former involves expanding the city's area to accommodate increased development or population. However, this option has significant drawbacks, including longer travel times within the city, loss of arable or recreational land around the city, and the need to construct new infrastructure. As a result, many cities opt for the intensive approach, which maximizes land use efficiency.

As of the beginning of 2023, the destruction of many facilities and the environment as a result of the war unleashed by the Russian aggressor in Ukraine has made it urgent to rebuild everything lost not only in peacetime, after the victory, but also now, when active hostilities are underway. The challenge of today is to quickly and effectively restore everything that has been destroyed and create new opportunities for the near and far future.

Wars change the pace of urban development. Destruction of the material structure and needs of residents provoke a reassessment of approaches to city reconstruction. The experience of rebuilding cities after the Second World War is divided into several stages. They are distinguished by the limit of compromise between conservative and modernist traditions. (Diefendorf. 1989; Bullock, 2002; Harlander 2012). rebuilding the material substance of cities and the problems of preserving and creating the identity of cities are equally important in the process of reconstruction.

Problem statement. Because of the military aggression of the Russian Federation, the Ukrainian people and the authorities face demanding challenges regarding the reconstruction of the country. One of the main priorities during the recovery in the post- war period is to find new, alternative sources of financing, in particular, using the advantages of public and private partnership (PPP).