1. ISTCIPA
  2. All Volumes and Issues
  3. Volume 58, 2024
  4. Analysis of Studies on the Operational Properties of Tank Trucks

Analysis of Studies on the Operational Properties of Tank Trucks

ISTCIPA.
2024;
Volume 58, Number
: pp. 5 - 18
https://doi.org/10.23939/istcipa2024.58.005
Authors:
  1. Jaroslav Vojtyk
1
Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ukraine

Problem Statement and Purpose of the Work. The use of tankers, particularly with semi-trailers, for freight transportation ensures the delivery of bulk goods. This significantly improves the load capacity of tankers and reduces costs. There are many modifications of road tankers designed to transport various types of cargo, such as food products, chemicals, light and dark petroleum products. Despite the higher transportation cost compared to trucks, tankers are increasingly used. Moreover, there is no need for additional containers or packaging expenses, a high level of cargo safety is ensured during loading, transportation, and unloading, and the costs associated  with  these operations are reduced. Therefore, research into the operational properties of road tankers, and the development of relevant design solutions, is important to enhance their operational and economic efficiency. Research Methodology. A review of literature sources was conducted, focusing on studies related to the development of tanker designs, as well as research and regulatory documents. The analysis was carried out for chemical tankers, food tankers, fuel tankers, bitumen tankers, and gas tankers. The designs and characteristics of road tankers for standard operating conditions, isothermal tankers, and tankers for the transportation of hazardous materials were considered. Article Results. Based on the literature review, it can be concluded that highly specialized mathematical models do not always describe the real physical processes that occur during tanker operation with sufficient accuracy, particularly those related to hydraulic shock phenomena and movement during turns. These studies are especially relevant for frameless tanker semi-trailer designs. Scientific Novelty. The article provides a literature review on tanker design, operational issues, and relevant standards (DSTU), and presents mathematical dependencies between the main parameters of tankers. Practical Significance of the Results. The conducted review and analysis allow identifying the directions for further research and their importance. Directions for Future Research. Future studies should focus on the following: calculating the longitudinal stability of the tanker; creating a mathematical model of appropriate complexity capable of describing tanker movement where the occurrence of hydraulic shock is possible; investigating the effects of sudden braking of the tanker, and determining the dependencies of forces in the suspension system and pressures on the bottom over time, with consideration of changes in the filling level of the tank.

road tankers
operational properties
semi-trailers
designs
dynamic studies
hydraulic shock phenomenon
standards
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