cadmium sulfide

A review of the main physical and chemical methods for synthesizing substitutional cadmium sulfide-selenide (CdSxSe1–x) solid solution films is presented. The phase diagram of the CdS–CdSe system and the regions of existence of different phases within this diagram are analyzed. The features and parameters of CdSxSe1–x film synthesis by various methods are considered. The main characteristics of the obtained films are presented, including crystal structure, thickness, and band gap, depending on the synthesis method.

Based on thermodynamic constants, the concentration limits of the initial mercury and cadmium-containing salts and the pH range at which depositions of HgS and CdS are possible without the formation of HgO and Cd(OH)2 were calculated. The limits of the formation conditions of the Hg1–xCdxS solid solution in the thiosulfate-citrate-carbonate-thiourea system were defined by the overlap area between the constructed HgS and CdS deposition zones.

The quantum-chemical modeling of the synthesis process chemistry of CdS and CdSe in aqueos solutions was carried out. For that reason, the CdS synthesis simulation was carried out through the formation of Cd(II) complex forms with the trisodium citrate and ammonium hydroxide. At the CdSe synthesis, the sodium selenosulfate with and without trisodium citrate was used. It was established that this process passes through several intermediate stages with the transitional reactive complexes formation.

Alternative and renewable sources of energy, such as wind and solar energy, hydro and geothermal energy, are attracting increasing attention all over the world. The growing interest in them is caused by environmental considerations, on the one hand, and the limited traditional earth resources - on the other. A special place among them is occupied by photovoltaic converters of solar energy.