геометричне нівелювання

The purpose of this work is to analyze the results of the study of the dynamics of vertical movements of the permanent station of the GNSS positioning system «Poltava» (identifier POLV). Method. A geodynamic test site was set up on the territory of the Poltava Gravimetric Observatory. It includes rappers with known stability indicators laid at different depths. The exact level of H‒05 is set on the A1 standard, which is characterized by high stability over 30 years of observations.

The most dangerous exogenous geological processes (EGP) in terms of the amount of damage caused to economic objects include: landslides, karst, flooding, abrasion, mudslides, etc. The distribution and intensity of EGP are determined by the peculiarities of geological and geomorphological structure of the territory, its tectonic, neotectonic and seismic regime, as well as hydrological, climatic, hydrogeological paleo- and modern conditions. Solotvynsky salt mine is one of the oldest enterprises in Transcarpathia. The field has been exploited since the Roman Empire.

The possibility of determination of vertical movements with certain speed by geometrical levelling is analyzed depending on the length of levelling, its classes and frequency of observations. Duration of observation cycle is fixed depending on the above-mentioned factors.

The results of the comparing experimental research of the geometrical leveling from “inside” and “forward-back” leveling methods show that these methods give the possibility to control the position of sighting line during the process of leveling and simplify the choice of leveling shoulder. The experiment shows that the results of “forward-back” leveling method are as accurate as the results of leveling from “inside”.

Analyzed method мotorized precision geometric leveling, its performance and prospects of Ukraine

Proposed level – Refractometer bases on the method of observation of the reference image in the sheer scale of the established flat reflectors, which allows you to directly identify and take into account corrections for refraction results in geometric leveling. A laboratory sample mirror reflector with setting the reflection plane in aplomb.

The psychophysiological condition of observers is investigated at carrying out of geometrical leveling. It is established, that the factor of entropy of each observer gives the representative characteristic of its condition at carrying out of measurements. The equations of regress worked out for everyone observer allow to calculate regular errors at leveling carrying out, and corrected by these amendments measured excess raise accuracy of leveling.

Purpose. Development of efficient, economic and reliable method of trigonometric leveling that would allow replace the geometric leveling without loss of precision, especially during works in mountainous areas remains actual. Methodology.